论文标题:不同锰源与锰水平对肉仔鸡生产性能和免疫机能及营养物质代谢的影响
Effects of the Different Sources and Levels of Diet Manganese on Growth Performance and Immune Functions and Metabolism of Nutrients in Broiler
论文作者 塔娜
论文导师 闫素梅,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 动物营养与饲料科学
论文单位 内蒙古农业大学,点击次数 90,论文页数 71页File Size850k
2005-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_556334167/ 锰源;肉仔鸡;生产性能;免疫机能;营养物质代谢;生物学利用率
Manganese source;Broiler;Growth performance;Immune function;Metabolism of nutrients;Biological availability
本研究以玉米和豆粕为主要原料配制锰含量为 37.66mg/kg 的基础日粮,采用 2×5 完全随机试验设计,分别在基础日粮中添加不同剂量与不同锰源的锰,构成 10个日粮处理组,每处理组 3 个重复,每重复组 18 只鸡,试验期 7 周。其中锰源分无机锰源(饲料级 MnSO4·H 2O,锰含量为 18.78%)与有机锰源(复合氨基酸螯合锰, 锰含量为 10%,由成都艾力生物技术研究所提供)2 种,锰的添加水平设 5 个,分别为 0、45、90、130、180 mg/kg,研究不同锰源与锰水平对肉仔鸡的生产性能、免疫机能及营养物质代谢、锰的生物学利用率及其在肉仔鸡组织中的沉积规律的影响。 本试验结果得出: 1. 锰含量为 37.66mg/kg 的玉米—豆粕型日粮不能满足肉仔鸡对锰的需要量;无论饲料级硫酸锰、氨基酸螯合锰,其适宜添加水平为 45～130mg/kg,尤以 45 mg/kg最佳;临界锰过量的的日粮锰水平为 217.66mg/kg。 2. 肉仔鸡饲喂以玉米和豆粕为主的基础日粮时,能够达到较好的免疫效果,因此基础日粮中的锰不容忽视。 3. 锰含量为37.66mg/kg的日粮中添加45～90mg/kg水平的锰可促进肉仔鸡能量与氮沉积,但锰的添加剂量增加至 180mg/kg 时,其沉积量下降;日粮锰水平在 37.66～217.66mg/kg 范围内时,对 Fe、Cu、Zn、Ca、P 等矿物元素在肉仔鸡体内的沉积及代谢没有显著影响。 4. 随日粮中总锰水平的增加,鸡体的锰沉积量显著升高(P﹤0.01),而食入锰的沉积率却随日粮锰水平的升高而显著下降(P﹤0.01);且锰的沉积率在 1.91%～2.74%范围内。 5. 氨基酸螯合锰相对于饲料级硫酸锰可显著提高肉仔鸡生产性能;对日粮中的能量与氮沉积及矿物元素的沉积及代谢也有一定的促进作用,但差异不显著;而对肉仔鸡免疫机能没有明显的促进作用。 6. 肝、肾、胫骨组织均可反映机体的锰营养状况,其中以胫骨锰含量反映最敏感;21 日龄胫骨锰浓度是较理想的评定不同锰源的相对生物学利用率指标;本试验所采用的复合氨基酸螯合锰的相对生物学利用率要略高于饲料级硫酸锰。
A basal corn-soybean meal diet (contained 37.66mg/kg Mn) was treated by different Mn sources including inorganic Mn source ( MnSO4?H2O, contained 18.78% Mn ) and organic Mn source (organic chelated Mn supplied from Chengdu Aili Bio-technology institute, contained 10% Mn), by different Mn levels including adding 0、45、90、130 、180 mg/kg respectively. Broilers were used in a treatment of 2×5 factorial arrangements to study the effect of different Mn sources and levels on growth performance, immune functions, biological availability of Manganese, regulation of tissue uptake of Mn and metabolism of nutrients of broiler chicks. The results were showed as follows: 1. A basal corn-soybean diet containing Mn 37.66mg/kg or 217.66mg/kg was referred to as marginally deficient or excess in Mn in broilers respectively. The recommended level of Mn added to the diet was kept at 45-130mg/kg and 45mg/kg was the best, no matter Mn sources. 2. Broilers fed corn-soybean diet can attain good immunity, so diet Mn cannot be ignored. 3. Mn added to the diet containing Mn 37.66mg/kg at levels of 45-90mg/kg can significantly increase retained energy and N and decreased when Mn added to 180mg/kg. There were no remarkable effects on the metabolism and deposition of Fe、Cu、Zn、Ca、P when dietary Mn changed from 37.66-217.66mg/kg. 4. The retention of Mn would increase significantly with levels of dietary Mn, but Mn retention rate would decrease significantly with levels of dietary Mn (P﹤0.01). Mn retention rate changed from 1.91%to 2.74%. 5. The organic chelated Mn compared with MnSO4?H2O could increase broilers growth performance significantly, improved retained energy and N and metabolism of other minerals of broilers slightly, but had no effect on the immune function of broilers. 6. Mn concentration in tibia, liver and kidney can be used to monitor nutritive status of broilers, and tibia was the most sensitive. Tibia Mn accumulation of 21-day old broilers appeared to be excellent indicator of relative biological availability. The relative biological availability of the organic chelated Mn used in the experiment was higher than feed-grade MnSO4?H2O.
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