论文标题:东北三省蝗亚目昆虫的分类研究
A Taxonomic Study on Caelifera from Northeastern China
论文作者
论文导师 李成德；任炳忠,论文学位 博士,论文专业 森林保护学
论文单位 东北林业大学,点击次数 674,论文页数 256页File Size21188K
2007-04-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_576147/
Caelifera; new species; fauna; antennal sensilla; Norhteaset of China
蝗亚目Caelifera隶属于直翅目Orthoptera，其中在东北三省有分布的位为蝗总科Acridoidea、蚱总科tetrigoidea。这两个总科以前通称为蝗虫。 蝗虫是重要的无脊椎动物和初级消费者，其中可以造成危害的有几十种，形成不同程度危害的有百种以上，对农、牧、林业可造成本不同程度的危害。在人类历史上，蝗灾、水灾与旱灾常相间或相伴发生，成为人类社会的三大自然灾害之一。本论文旨在通过对东北三省境内的昆虫进行采集，及以往标本的收集和相关资料的整理弄清东北三省蝗虫的种类和分布情况。 本论文的主要内容及成果： 1、对蝗亚目分类研究历史和国内研究情况进行的概括，并对蝗亚目昆虫的形态特征及生物学进行简单介绍。 2、蝗亚目昆虫分类研究 本人经过3年的野外采集和鉴定工作，最后确定在本地区分布的的蝗亚目Caelifera昆虫为2总科，8科，57属，173种。其中16新种，1新亚种，2雌性描述，1雄性描述，如下：小翅尖翅蝗，新种Epacromius fallax sp．nov．；辽宁外斑腿蝗，新种Xenocatantops liaoningensis sp．nov．；鳞翅跃度蝗，新种Podismopsis aquamopennis sp．nov；长白山雏蝗长翅亚种，新亚种Chorthippus changbaishanensis longipennis ssp．nov．；长白山台蚱Formosatettix changbaishanensis Yuan et al．，2006；露水河台蚱，新种Formosatettix lushuiheensis sp．nov．；长白山克蚱Clinotettix changbaishanensis Wang et al．，2004；东宁蚱，新种Tetrix dongningensis sp．nov．；吉林蚱Tetrix jilinensis Ren et al．，2004；拟细角蚱Tetrix tenuicornoides Wang，Yuan et Ren，2006；长春蚱Tetrixchangchunensis Wang，Wang et Ren，2005；四平蚱Tetrix sipingensis Hao et al．，2006；黑河雏蝗，新种Chorthippus heiheensis sp．nov．；小兴安岭雏蝗．新种Chorthippusxiaoxinganlingensis sp．nov．；卡伦山雏蝗，新种Chorthippus kalunshanensis sp．nov．；黑河异爪蝗，新种Euchorthippus heiheensis sp．nov．；辽宁螇蚚蝗，新种Gelastorhinusliaoningensis sp．nov．；黑背雏蝗Chorthippus ateridorsus Jia et Liang，1995，雌性；绿色迷蝗Confusacris viridis Ren et Zhang，雌性；吉林克蚱Clinotettix jilinensis Zheng etRen，雄性。 3、东北三省蝗亚目昆虫区系分析 东北三省在动物地理区划上属于古北界，东北亚界，东北区。东北区可分为大兴安岭亚区、长白山地亚区、松辽平原亚区。经分析，东北三省蝗亚目173种中，古北种有141种，占总种类数的81.50％，广布种31种，占总种类数的17.92％，特有种78种，占总种类数的45.9％。其中长白山地亚区无论古北种(99种)，广布种(24种)，特有种(55种)，均比其他两个亚区的种类丰富，这也证明了长白山地亚区的生态环境的丰富。 4、对8种蚱科昆虫触角的研究 通过对8种蚱科昆虫触角感受器的研究发现，蚱科昆虫触角感受器类型较简单(共4种)，数量较少，分布较集中(相对于蝗总科)。感受器类型和分布在属间的差别比是很明显，但种间可以明显区别。 本论文基本弄清楚了东北三省蝗亚目昆虫的种类和分布情况，并尝试对蚱科昆虫的感受器进行研究，但是在研究过程中还发现一些问题需要进一步的研究。
Caelifera belonged to Orthoptera, and Acridoidea and Tetrigoidea of Orthoptera distributed in Northeast of China. Insects of Acridoidea and Tetrigoidea are usually called grasshoppers. Grasshoppers are an important invertebrate and primary consumer. Hundreds of grasshoppers can lead to different extent of injury to agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. Historically, disasters of grasshopper, flood and drought often broke out at the same time or one after another. Grasshopper disaster turned out to be an vital disaster to human society. The author investigated species and distribution of grasshoppers through collecting specimens in the open country, gathering previous specimens and arranging related materials. Main contents and results of this essay: 1. This paper su mmarized the research history and domestic research outline of taxonomic study on Caelifera, and gave some details on morphological character and biology of Caelifera. 2. Taxonomic study on Caelifera. Based on collecting specimens outdoors and indoor identification of species, the results indicated that insects of Caelifera in this area was composed of 2 superfamilies, 8 families, 57 genera, 173 species, 16 new species, 1 new subspecies, 2 female descriptions and 1 male description. Their latin names as follows: Epacromius fallax sp. nov., Xenocatantops liaoningensis sp. nov., Podismopsis aquamopennis sp. nov, Chorthippus changbaishanensis longipennis ssp. nov., Formosatettix changbaishanensis Yuan et al., 2006, Formosatettix lushuiheensis sp. nov., Clinotettix changbaishanensis Wang et al., 2004, Tetrix dongningensis sp. nov., Tetrix jilinensis Ren et al., 2004, Tetrix tenuicornoides Wang, Yuan et Ren, 2006, Tetrix changchunensis Wang, Wang et Ren, 2005, Tetrix sipingensis Hao et al., 2006, Chorthippus heiheensis sp. nov., Chorthippus xiaoxinganlingensis sp. nov., Chorthippus kalunshanensis sp. nov., Euchorthippus heiheensis sp. nov., Gelastorhinus liaoningensis sp. nov., Chorthippus ateridorsus Jia et Liang, 1995, female, Confusacris viridis Ren et Zhang, female, Clinotettix jilinensis Zheng et Ren, male. 3. Faunal analysis of Caelifera in northeastern China. Northeastern. China is part of Palaeartic realm, northeastern sub-realm, northeastern area in animal regional divide. Northeastern area can be divided into Daxing"anling subregion, Changbai mountain subregion and Songliao plain subregion. 173 species of Caelifera was consisted of 141 species in Palaeartic species occupied 81.50％, 31 species in wide range species occupied 17.92％, 78 species in peculiar species occupied 45.9％. Diversity of species in Changbai mountain subregion was more abundant than the two others. It could reflected that there were different types of ecological environment in Changbai mountain subregion. 4. Studies on antennal sensilla of Tetrigidae Results showed that patterns of Tetrigidae antennal sensilla was simple and the number of antennal sensilla was small. The differentiation of types and distribution was not obvious among genera, but it was clear among species. The author investigated types and distribution of Caelifera insects in Northeast of China, and did some research on antennal sensilla of Tetri at the same time. This result probably did not including all types of grasshoppers in this area, so it is necessary to do further reararch.
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