论文标题:我国卫生资源配置的现状分析与对策构想
The Present Condition of Health Resources Allocation and Its Development in China
论文作者 李秋芳
论文导师 邹诗鹏,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 科学技术哲学
论文单位 华中科技大学,点击次数 50,论文页数 76页File Size750k
2004-04-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_581969727/ 卫生资源配置; 卫生投入; 医疗保险; 世界卫生组织
health resources allocation; health investment; medical insurance;World Health Organization; WHO
作为卫生工作发展的基础因素和为人类健康服务的要素,现代卫生资源越来越在更广的领域里为人类提供防病治病、身心保健的服务。它不仅在卫生医疗范围内发挥着举足轻重的作用,还为整个社会、政治、经济等各项事业的综合发展提供充足的生产力保障和物质基础。卫生资源配置的研究主要包括构成卫生资源诸要素(卫生机构、人力资源、物力资源/设备、财力资源以及管理资源,等等)的制度分配形式、数量和质量变化、结构和布局、卫生改革和政策导向等多方面,通过分析卫生资源配置的历史沿革、现实状况,最终研究卫生制度未来发展方向。卫生资源配置在我国医疗卫生事业的改革和发展中一直起着关键的基础性作用,在防病治病、公共卫生宣传和教育中提供了人力、物力、财力的支持和保障,受到了各级政府、医疗卫生部门和人民群众的关注和重视。如何科学合理地进行卫生资源的优化配置,提高医疗卫生资源的利用效率,使其更好地服务于发展卫生事业和增进人民群众身心健康成了需要迫切解决的问题。目前我国卫生资源配置中存在的不合理现状,包括卫生总体投入不足,资源分配过程中的三大差距(城乡之间、阶层之间以及地区之间的差距),卫生体系结构中的不合理现象,等等,与我国社会、政治、国民经济和卫生行业长期历史发展环境等诸多因素有关系。通过介绍和分析主要发达国家在卫生资源分配中的优劣和经验教训,结合新时期我国的实际国情,从中找出值得学习和借鉴之处,提出解决我国卫生资源分配中所存在问题的对策以及加强卫生资源合理化配置的设想和建议。
As the basic factors for developing health undertaking and serving for the human being in modern society, health resources have been provided for disease prevention and treatment in the wider fields than before. They have been playing an important role within health and medical range and have also supplied enough productivity and material basis for the whole development of the society, politics and economy. The research of health resources is about the allocation, change in quantity and quality, structure, health reform and policy instruction of the various factors composing health resources (including health institutions, human resources, material resources, financial resources and managerial resources, etc.). By analyzing its historical development, present condition and arrangement, the purpose is to raise future development of health resources allocation.Health resources allocation has been attached great importance by the government and health sectors at various levels as well as the masses for its key role of offering support and guarantee for disease prevention and treatment, public health promotion and education in Chinese medical and health reform and development. The problem of how to optimize health resources allocation scientifically and rationally, to make its high efficiency so as to provide a better service for developing health undertaking and enhancing health of the people has become urgent. The main problems in Chinese health resources allocation include lack of health investment, three discrepancies (between urban and rural areas, different stratums and different regions) and the inequitable phenomenon, etc. These problems relate to all kinds of factors such as the social, political, economical factors and the long historical development circumstances within health sector. By introducing and analyzing the experiences and lessons of health resources allocation in some major developed countries, combining with Chinese fact, the article puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problems and to rationalize Chinese health resources allocation.
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