论文标题:基于交通需求管理的北京市停车收费问题研究
The Study on Parking Charge in Beijing Based on the Transportation Demand Management
论文作者
论文导师 欧国立,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 产业经济学
论文单位 北京交通大学,点击次数 74,论文页数 51页File Size3881K
2008-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_584020117/
Urban transportation;; Transportation Demand Management;; Parking Charge;; Beijing
随着北京市城市化和机动化的迅猛发展,机动车的保有量越来越大,给北京的交通带来了极大的压力,这种压力不仅表现在道路交通的拥堵上,还表现在车辆的停放上。 产生交通问题的实质是交通供给与需求的不均衡造成的。单纯依靠增加交通设施供给不能从根本上解决交通拥挤问题,交通需求管理通过对交通需求的引导、调节与管理,能够有效降低道路交通负荷,并在许多发达国家和地区得到重视和广泛应用。 本文以停车需求管理模型为基础,首先讨论了停车收费作为交通需求管理的一种手段,在缓解城市交通拥挤方面的重大作用,以及其在交通需求管理中的重要地位,又从出行者的出行产生和目的、出行时间、出行方式、行车路线选择和车辆拥有五个方面,阐述了停车收费对交通需求结构的影响。其次,引用实例,介绍了国内外部分发达城市优秀的停车收费管理经验和模式。再次,运用上面所述的理论和先进经验,通过对北京市停车收费中存在的各种问题进行深入地分析,提出一些有针对性的改进建议,力图使停车收费管理得以有效发挥其经济杠杆的作用,来缓解北京市目前的交通拥堵现状,达到“以静制动”、动静协调的效果。 全文主要运用了理论、模型分析和实证分析相结合,定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法。创新点就在于从交通需求管理的一个小分支----停车需求管理的角度来解决城市交通拥堵问题,意图达到“以静制动”的效果。
As the fast development of urbanization and motorization of Beijing, more and more vehicles turn out, which bring much pressure to Beijing"s traffic, not only appeared in road congestion, but also in parking. It is the disequilibrium between transportation supply and demand that brings the problems. Only increasing the supply can not deal with the traffic congestion, traffic demand management measures emphasize especially on inducting, adjusting and managing traffic demand, decrease the traffic load, got high value and used in many developed countries. The paper is based on the parking demand management model. Firstly, the paper discussed the parking charge, as one of the traffic demand management measures, played a very important role in relieving traffic congestion, and then explained its effect to traffic demand structure from five aspects. Secondly, real examples were used in order to introduce some successful experience and mode of parking demand management in developed areas in China and abroad. Thirdly, on the base of analyzing traffic situation and problems that turned out in Beijing"s parking charge management, using the theory and successful experience forward, some suggestions was put forward so as to make the parking management play the effect role as a kind of economic lever and relieve traffic congestion in Beijing, establishing a good static traffic situation through improving the dynamic one, and harmonizing the dynamic and static traffic. The whole paper comprehensive utilized qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, theoretical analysis, empirical analysis. Using a small branch of traffic demand management—parking demand management to solve the urban traffic congestion, intent to achieve a good static traffic situation through improving the dynamic one is the paper" s innovation.
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