论文标题:中国农村减贫问题研究
论文作者
论文导师 白雪梅,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 统计学
论文单位 东北财经大学,点击次数 32,论文页数 88页File Size4543K
论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_587349632/
rural area;; surplus poverty;; the effect of poverty alleviation;; anti-poverty
在当代世界经济发展中，贫困问题是困扰人类生存和发展的重大问题。不仅在发展中国家或地区存在着庞大的贫困人口，发达国家也存在着大量贫困现象，鉴于贫困问题存在的普遍性和危害性，反贫困成为世界各国推进经济发展的一个重大战略选择。 自改革开放以来，中国的经济突飞猛进，中国包括农村地区的经济面貌焕然一新。随着经济的持续稳定健康地增长，政府将一些不适应农村经济发展的体制破旧立新，有针对性地适时提出并实施了一系列专门的扶贫措施，使得中国农村贫困人口的数量大幅减少，贫困深度也得到了有效缓解。但看到成绩的同时，也不能不看到剩余的农村贫困人口还依然庞大，扶贫成果还不太稳定，如何在国家实施十一五规划，建设和谐社会和社会主义新农村的有利条件下，减少我国农村地区贫困人口数量，减缓贫困深度成为当前时代背景下研究的重要课题之一。 正是基于上述背景，本文以中国农村剩余贫困人口为研究对象，重点探讨如何从经济增长和专门扶贫措施两个方面来减少农村剩余贫困人口的数量和减缓农村贫困深度。文章的基本结构安排如下： 第一章，绪论。本章指出本文研究问题提出的背景，综述国内外关于贫困问题的研究状况，同时给出本文的研究方法及研究思路，使本文的研究思路明确、结构清晰、方法科学。 第二章，贫困描述的一般理论和方法。本章主要是从贫困的定义、分类、度量以及根源四个方面介绍了对贫困问题进行研究的一般理论和方法，明确界定本文研究所采用的贫困定义、类型划分以及度量方法。 第三章，我国农村剩余贫困的统计描述。本章主要从规模总量和内部结构两个方面来对农村剩余贫困人口进行描述性统计，以对所要减贫的对象进行科学地认识，从而使得减贫工作更具现实性和针对性。 第四章，经济增长和收入分配对贫困的影响。本章主要考察的是经济增长和收入分配的减贫效应，利用状态空间模型和洛伦兹曲线分解法得出经济增长对减贫的贡献程度，为减贫提供经济增长方面的理论依据。 第五章，关于扶贫政策的探讨。本章列举了新世纪以来扶贫措施中不适应现实需要的四个方面，包括贫困识别、贫困瞄准、自我发展能力和农村社会保障体系建设，并提出了如何进行局部微调和改革的建议。 第六章，他山之石。本章主要介绍了一些发达国家和发展中国家在反贫困政策方面的国际经验，并在借鉴他国反贫困实践经验的基础上提出适合于我国目前状况的政策主张。 第七章，政策建议。本章总结上述各章的分析和结论，分别从宏观和微观两个层面上提出具有针对性和可操作性的政策和建议，以最终达到消除农村剩余贫困人口的目标。 总的来说，本文的贡献主要有：一、对新世纪以来出现的农村贫困的新特征新问题进行了系统地阐述；二、提出了“经济增长+专门针对措施”的贫困治理思路，将经济增长和扶贫措施摆在同等重要的位置。三、避免常数弹性的局限性，运用状态空间模型描述历年来减贫弹性的变化趋势，使之更符合现实的状况和需要。
In the development of the world economy, poverty is the serious issue that influences the existence and development of mankind. There are plenty of poor population not only in the developing countries and districts but also in the developed countries of Europe and America.Anti-poverty becomes an important strategy to promote economy through all over the world because of the universality and harmfulness of poverty issue Since the policy of reform and opening-up, the economy of China has developed greatly. The economy of rural district takes on a new look. With the stable and sustained growth of economy, the government abolishes some systems that don"t adapt to the development of rural economy and puts forward and implements a series of policies of poverty alleviation timely, which leads to the reduction of the poor population and relief of poverty depth. But the poor population is still large and the effect of poverty alleviation is not obvious. How to reduce the poor population and relieve the poverty depth under the background of constructing harmonious society and socialist new village is an important subject. Owing to that above-mentioned background,this paper aims at the surplus poor people in the Chinese rural areas.It is the main issue how to cut down the quantity of surplus impoverished people and slow down the poor depth of that in economic growth and anti-poverty measures .The article basic structure is arranged for as follows: The first chapter,Introduction.This section states the research at home and abroad about poverty issue, at the same time puts up with the research method of the paper. The second chapter,the general theory and method of poverty issue. In this section, the theory and method of studying poverty issue are introduced from four aspects such as definition, classification, measure and source of poverty. The third chapter,the statistical description for Chinese rural surplus poor population.This section makes statistical description of the rural surplus poor population from two aspects of scale and interior structure. Then the job of poverty alleviation can proceed smoothly. The forth chapter,the effect of economic growth and income distribution on poverty.This section mainly analyzes the effect of poverty alleviation of economic growth and income distribution,use SSM &Lorenz curve to get the mount of economic growth"s contribution in poverty alleviation,supplies theoretical basis in economic strategies. The fifth chapter,the research on anti-poverty measures.This section states four factors such as poverty identity、poverty focus、developing ability and the construction of social guarantee system in the measures of poverty alleviation that don"t adapt to reality and put up with some suggestions on how to adjust and reform. At last, on the basis of using the experience of anti-poverty other developed and developing countries for reference, The sixth chapter,international experience about anti-poverty. Introduce some experience of anti-poverty in developed countries and developing countries. Put forward some policies that benefit for the situation of our country. The seventh chapter, policies and suggestions.In this section, some policies and suggestions are raised from the microcosmic and macroscopic aspects in order to alleviate the surplus poor population on the basis of concluding above analysis. Generally speaking,the contribution of the paper mainly has:firstly,states the character of poor population in rural areas systematically during the past new century;secondly,puts up with the thought of poverty governance:economic growth+special anti-poverty measures,thirdly,uses SSM to get the trend of the elasticity of poverty alleviation avoiding the constant elasticity.
|
