论文标题:试论冷战以来国际体系发展的合法性基础
Study on Financing Problems of Private Enterprises in Gansu Province
论文作者 马恩瑜
论文导师 马小军,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 国际政治
论文单位 中共中央党校,点击次数 501,论文页数 36页File Size1555k
2005-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_591307/ 国际体系;权力;合法性
Legitimacy ; Power ; International system
翻开国际关系史,满眼可见的是国家之间的冲突与斗争,千百年来使世界人民遭受了无数次的摧残与折磨。无数的政治家与政治学者一直探究着这样一个问题:如何才能让人类远离战争,享受和平。由于国际社会的无政府状态,国家之间的利益冲突和斗争都不加掩饰和表面化。尽管冲突存在,但国家间的日益密切的交往毕竟把世界逐渐联系起来。国际体系的存在是以国家间有足够频繁的交往与联系为前提的。如何使国际体系稳定大于动荡,使国家间的冲突减少,给人类带来和平与发展呢?人类的共同体要想维持,就必须管理冲突、维持秩序。怎样管理冲突?在国际体系建立和维系的过程中,无一例外的会运用到权力。无论是三十年战争建立的“威斯特伐利亚”体系,还是拿破仑战败后建立的维也纳体系,更近的全球性国际体系即一战后的凡尔赛——华盛顿体系、二战后的雅尔塔体系,无一例外都是通过权力建立的。由于权力有合法性权力和强制性权力之分,以强制性权力为基础建构的国际体系必然以崩解为结局。国际体系的主导者要稳定现存的体系,必须要以合法性权力为基础对体系进行构建。 本文以政治学核心概念“合法性”为切入点,试图对冷战以来的国际体系的存在、发展、演变作一深入探讨,以此为突破口,追究一下使国际体系稳定有序应当具备的基础条件。本文分为三部分: (一) 国际体系的权力与合法性基础。国际体系是独立的国际政治单位或国际行为主体,按照一定规则相互联系、相互影响的总体,其最关键的一个特点就是它体现了一定的权力分配关系下的国际统治秩序。国家在国际社会中尤其在当代国际社会中并不总是以炫耀和使用武力来显示自己的权力,更多的时候是谋求在国际社会中获得合法性的权力。哈贝马斯对合法性的界定糅合了规
When we look into the history of international relations, there are so many wars and conflicts so that people in the world suffered a lot thousands of years. Countless of politicians and political scientists have studied how to solve the problem: How to keep the human being away from the war and enjoy peace. Because of the anarchy state, the conflicts among the nations are apparent. Although conflicts exist, the intercourse of the nations unite the world after all. The enough intercourse and contact is the premise of a international system. How to make the international systems more stable ? We must control conflicts to maintain the community of mankind. How to control? Power. In world history, we can see all international systems are founded by power. For example: Vienna system, Washington system. There are two kinds of power: legal power and forced power, so the international system based on the forced power is to collapse in the end. And the dominant branch must build the international system upon the legal power to remain it stable.The thesis make the core concept "Legitimacy" as the cutting in point, try to have a thorough discussion on the existence , development and evolution of the international systems since the Cold War. On this foundation ,it will investigate the basic factors which make a international system stable. The thesis is divided into three parts:The first part is about the Power of a international system and it"s Legitimacy foundation. The international system is a collectivity where independent international political units or action body have mutual contact and influence according to certain rules. And the most important character is it reflects international rule order based on the pattern of Power distribution. Now the nations don"t like to use or show off its force to display its Power. In fact they try to gain legal Power in the world. Talking about Legitimacy, Jurgeh Habermas conbined the concept with criterion andexperienced creed, emphasized a kind of support and loyalty according with value criterion. To gain legal Power relation must have some basements in the international politics . The dominant nations in the international system( big nations)must make their Power follow certain rules if they want to gain legal Power relations. Further more, they should make the world accept these rules-"legal rules.The second part is about the international system in the Cold War. We must study it excessively because it is a very special system. It is the first peaceful system transition in the human history. The crises of Legitimacy rules (idea identify, process identify, validity identify) in the eastern group are very serious, so in a short time, the system collapsed from inside. While the western group adopted innovation so it formed and strengthened the rules of Legitimacy. And it escaped the failure of collapse.The third part is about the contemporary international system. Now US is the only super power in the world. It has the power to be the hegemony branch and it has been working hard to maintain its status. Though it attach importance to force and military strength like other hegemony powers, it push new stratagem differ from them. US try to build the international system under his lead based on the three rules of Legitimacy. In fact it want to push monopolar hegemony stratagem, and his Legitimacy has big crisis. Where will the international system go ? Its answer has a big influence on the people in the world. No matter what is the form and what is the fate, I think the leading branch should build the new century international system based on the rules of Legitimacy.
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