论文标题:陇中黄土高原高泉后湾地区植物物种多样性研究
Plant Species Diversity in Gaoquan Houwan Areas of Loess Plateau in Middle Gansu Province
论文作者
论文导师 胡自治,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 草业科学
论文单位 甘肃农业大学,点击次数 152,论文页数 56页File Size2755k
2005-06-02论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_5925732/
Gansu; Loess Plateau; Gaoquan houwan areas; species composition; species richness; a diversity; ? diversity; little watershed management
了解人工治理小流域的植被恢复状况,对总结黄土高原丘陵沟壑区植被恢复与重建的成功经验具有重要意义。本文选择高泉小流域的主体区域高泉后湾,沿海拔在沟谷(2200-2245m)、东坡(2230-2410m)和西坡(2230-2415m),共设置15 个样地75 个1×1m2 的草本样方进行调查,对不同海拔梯度植物的物种组成、物种丰富度、α多样性和β多样性进行了初步分析,获得了如下结果: 1、调查了75 个样方,共记录到草本植物201 种,隶属于35 科102 属。菊科、禾本科、蔷薇科、豆科、莎草科、唇形科、毛茛科为常见科。 2、沟谷科、属、种丰富度的最大值出现在海拔2230-2239m 的主沟中游,α多样性的最大值出现在海拔2200-2229m的主沟下游,最小值都在2390-2395m的沟脑陡坡。东坡随海拔的降低,属、种的丰富度和α多样性先增加后降低,科数变化不大。西坡随海拔的降低,科、属、种的丰富度和α多样性增加。同一海拔范围内,东坡物种丰富度高于西坡,在海拔2370m 以上, α多样性东坡明显高于西坡,而2370m 以下则西坡高于东坡。 3、沟谷相邻样地间β多样性的波动较大,Cody 相异性指数的两个峰值和Jaccard相似性指数的两个谷值分别发生在海拔2300-2385m 和2240-2290m 的过渡生境。东坡随海拔的降低,Cody 指数增大,Jaccard 指数降低,西坡沿海拔梯度β多样性指数的变化与东坡相同。 4、与1992 年调查相比,2004 年调查获得新记录科7 个、记录种124 个;阴、湿生和藤本植物数量增多、分布范围增大;Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener 指数和Pielou均匀度指数均较高。上述情况表明,小流域经持续人工治理,植被得到了良好的恢复,生态环境有了较大改善。
It was important to know about the revegetation of the little watershed management for summarizing the successful experiences in the middle of Gansu province of the Loess Plateau. The main areas of Gaoquan little watershed was selected. A total of 15 sites, 75 plots were set along altitude of 2200m to 2445m in the ravine, 2230m to 2410m on the eastern slope and 2230m to 2415m on the western slope to investigate vegetation of Gaoquan Houwan areas. Species composition, species richness, a diversity and ? diversity of different altitudinal gradient were analyzed. The results obtained as follows: 1. 201 species were recorded in 75 plots, which belonged to 102 genera and 35 families. Compositae, Gramineae, Rosaceae, Leguminosae, Cyperaceae, Labiatae and Ranunculaceae were dominant families of Gaoquan Houwan. 2. In the ravine, No. of families, genera,species reached maximum at the sites which altitude was between 2230m and 2239m, while a diversity peaked between 2200m and 2229m, their minimum were all between 2230m and 2239m. On the eastern slope, No of genera, species and a diversity increased first then decreased, and families changed little with decreasing elevation. On the western slope, No. of families, genera, species and a diversity increased with decreasing elevation. In the same altitude, species richness on the eastern slope was higher than the western slope, a diversity on the eastern slope was obviously higher than the western slope above 2370m, but lower below 2370m. 3. βdiversity fluctuated greatly between neighboring sites in the ravine. Two high Cody index and two low Jaccard index appeared between 2300-2385m and 2230-2256m, where were transition habitats. On the eastern and western slope, Cody index increased and Jaccard index decreased between neighboring plots with decreasing elevation. 4. Compared with the investigation of 1992, 124 species and 7 families were recorded in 2004. No. of shade plants, hygrophyte plants and liana plants increased, and distributed widely, Simpson index, Shannon-wiener index and Evenness index were high,which indicated that vegetation restored and environment improved after sustainably controlling and naturally restoring on Gaoquan little watershed.
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