论文标题:形状记忆合金阻尼器在底部薄弱结构中的应用研究
Study and Application of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) Dampers in the Earthquake Resistant of the Structure with Weakness Floor at Bottom
论文作者
论文导师 王社良；苏三庆,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 防灾减灾工程及防护工程
论文单位 西安建筑科技大学,点击次数 115,论文页数 64页File Size3924k
2006-06-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_606661577/
shape memory alloy (SMA);damper;performance test;the structure with weakness floor at bottom;energy dissipation capability;seismic control
随着材料科学的迅速发展,作为一种新型的功能材料,形状记忆合金(SMA)在工程结构中有着良好的应用前景,同时也可为研究土木工程结构的振动控制理论及应用方法提供一个新的途径。因此,研究SMA阻尼器及其在结构振动控制中的应用,特别是在一些特殊结构振动控制中的应用,具有重要的理论意义和工程应用前景。 底部薄弱结构是一种工程中常见的结构形式,由于其底部具有大空间,使用功能灵活方便,故在商住或商办等建筑中有着广泛的应用。但这类结构的底层刚度较小,地震作用下的层间变形较大,若不采取特殊处理方法如抗震控制技术等,则极易发生严重的地震破坏,这一点已经被大量的震害调查所证实。基于上述情况,本文以底部薄弱结构的地震反应特点为基础,结合SMA材料在结构振动控制中的研究和应用现状,采用理论分析、试验研究和计算机模拟相结合的方法,主要研究SMA阻尼器及其在底部薄弱结构中的抗震控制原理和方法。 文中首先回顾和总结了底层薄弱结构的受力与震害特点,分析了产生震害的原因及处理对策,阐述了对这类结构进行抗震控制的必要性和可行性;接着探讨了应用SMA材料进行结构振动控制的主要特点,简述了一种NiTi奥氏体超弹性SMA丝的材料性能试验过程和结果,考察了这种SMA丝的超弹性耗能能力,同时分析了应变幅值、加载频率、循环次数以及工作温度等对其工作性能的影响;然后在此试验的基础上,根据试验结果并从SMA材料的本构关系入手,设计了一种拉压式SMA被动消能阻尼器,建立了相应的理论分析和计算模型,并通过计算机模拟分析,研究了这种SMA阻尼器的滞回特性,探讨了其工作原理和消能能力;最后,针对底部薄弱结构地震反应和SMA阻尼器的主要特点,将本文设计的SMA阻尼器应用于底部薄弱结构并对其进行了被动抗震控制分析,检验了文中所提SMA阻尼器和抗震控制方法的控制效果和规律。研究结果表明,本文设计的SMA阻尼器以及所提的被动抗震控制方法,能够明显地减小底部薄弱结构的地震反应,因此在底部薄弱结构的抗震控制中有着很好的应用前景。
With the development of material science, being a new material, Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) has a good application prospect in structure engineering;its use also offers a new approach for the structural vibration control. Hence, the study on the SMA dampers and the structural vibration control with these dampers has considerable value.The structure with weakness floor at bottom is a kind of commonly used structural type, which is widely used in the commercial buildings for its large room at the bottom and smart convenient function of application. But for the smaller bottom stiffness and the bigger story drift, it"s liable to serious damage in the earthquake without special processing method such as seismic control technique which has been shown by a large number of earthquake damage investigations. On the basis of earthquake response characteristics of the structure with weakness floor at bottom, this thesis presents a study and analysis of SMA damper and its application for earthquake resistant and strengthening of the structure with weakness floor at bottom through theoretical analysis, experiment study and computer simulation, referring to the study and application of SMA in structure vibration control.The paper first reviews and summarizes the stressed and earthquake damage feature of the structure with weakness floor at bottom, analyses the reason and treating measure of earthquake damage, and represents the necessity and feasibility of seismic control on this kind of structures;secondly it discusses the main characteristics of structure vibration control with the application of SMA, represents the material property tests and results of one kind of NiTi Austenite Pseudoelasticity SMA wire whose Pseudoelasticity energy dissipation capability is reviewed, and analyzes the influences of strain range value, frequency of loading, cycle index, working temperature and so on;then based on this test, with the constitutional relationship of SMA, a passive energy dissipation damper of tensile compression SMA isdesigned with its theoretical analysis and calculation model, whose hysteretic characteristics > principle of work and energy dissipation capability are researched;At last the designed SMA damper is applied to the structure with weakness floor at bottom and is analyzed in the passive earthquake resistant control to check its control effect and rule. The research shows that it"s obvious to decrease the earthquake response of the Structure with weakness floor at bottom with the designed SMA damper and referred method of passive earthquake resistant control in this paper which has considerable value on the earthquake resistant control of the Structure with weakness floor at bottom.
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