论文标题:我国城市土地经营问题及对策探讨
Discussion of Urban Land of Our Country Management"s the Issue and Countermeasure
论文作者 李安乐
论文导师 朱玉碧,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 土地资源管理
论文单位 西南农业大学,点击次数 56,论文页数 51页File Size2546k
2005-05-16论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_614571307/ 城市土地;经营;土地开发;土地储备;土地供应
Urban land; Manage ; Land development; The land store ; The land supplying
城市土地是城市经济发展的最基本要素,它由土地资源和土地资产两部分构成。“土地是财富之母”,如何发挥和实现土地的最大价值历来是:土地所有者关注的焦点问题。改革开放以来,我国社会主义市场经济的逐步形成和发展,极:大地推动了我国国民经济的增长和城市化进程的加快。为了适应市场经济发展的需要,对我国城市土地使用制度进行了一系列改革,使土地使用从无偿、无限期、无流动使用逐步向有偿、有限期、有流动使用方向发展。 城市土地有偿使用制度的确立,特别是土地实行市场配置以来,不仅充分显化了土地资源的资产价值,而且使城市低效利用的划拨土地重新运用市场机制,盘活存量土地资产有了可能。为解决这些问题,通过盘活存量土地,促进国有企业改制,杭州、上海、南通等一些城市进行了有益的尝试,提出“政府运用市场经济手段,通过市场机制对构成城市空间和城市功能载体的自然生成资本与人力作用资本等进行重组运营,广泛利用社会资金进行城市建设,把市场经济中的经营意识、经营机制和经营方式等运用到城市建设和管理上,对城市资产进行聚集、重组和营运,促进资源合理配置,实现投资主体多元化,项目营运市场化,设施享受商品化”。特别是在土地管理方面,严格控制建设用地总量,实行城市土地集中统一供应,推行以市场方式配置土地资源,试行政府对土地资源收购储备等,并且与经济结构调整、企业改制相结合,通过“退二进三”等工程,实现了产业结构和土地利用结构的“双优化”。这就是我国的“经营城市、经营土地”做法的开端。 由于多年来城市政府未能按照资产运营规律对土地进行经营,致使城市土地资源的利用与“地尽其力,物尽其用”还相距甚远:大量划拨土地隐形交易,不仅使应由国家取得的巨额土地收益流失到少数单位和个人手中,而且容易造成土地多头供应,总量失控,土地市场秩序混乱的局面,使政府难以对土地市场供求进行有效调控,给滋生腐败提供了温床。在城市经营理念不断发展的今天,作为“城市经营”重要组成部分的“城市土地经营”,应当引起城市政府的充分重视。城市政府士地经营主要是指城市政府在保留城市土地所有权的前提下,通过对城市十地的使用权、经营权等相关权利的市场化运作,解决士地利用效率低下、城市建设资金短缺、城市发展无序的问题。 对城市土地进行经营是一项综合性的经营活动,它涉及到国土、房管、城市建设等多部门的参与,我们应该慎重对待。本文采取理论研究与实证研究相结合的方法,对城市土地经营的方式及运作程序进行了研究:并分析了目前城市土地经营的现状,提出了相应的措施和对策。笔者撰写本文的目的就在于主要从理论方面分析城市土地经营的基本组成部分和运行机制,以期对我国城市土地经营的研究在理论上作一个有效补充,在实践中为当前的城市土地储备起到一定的指导作用。 本文一共由八部分构成:第一部分,文献综述。主要针对城市土地经营的各种问题,对国内外研究动态及发展前景作了综述和评价;第二部分,序言。介绍了本论文的研究和背景、
The urban land is the most basic key element of urban economy development, it is formed by two parts of land resource and land assets. " The land is a mother of the wealth ", how the biggest value of giving play to and realizing the land has always been land owner"s concerned focus question. Since reform and opening-up, the taking shape and developing gradually of socialist market economy of our country, have promoted the growth of our national economy and quickening of the urbanization process greatly. In order to meet the need of the changing situation, the land utilization system of city of our country has carried on a series of reforms, land utilization from free indefinite is it is it use to paid having time limit, is it flow service orientation develop to have progressively to flow to having.Establishment of the paid utilization system of urban land, especially since the land disposed the market, not merely fully showed and melted the assets value of the land resource, make whom urban poor efficiency utilize allocate land carry on market dispose possible again. Under this kind of background , in order to solve these problems , pass and vitalize the stock land, promoting the state-owned enterprise to reform system, such some cities as Hangzhou, Shanghai, Nantong, etc. have carried on the beneficial try, propose " the government uses the market economic means ", through market mechanism being to form urban space and urban function carrier turn into capital and manpower function capital ,etc. recombinate running naturally, utilize social fund to build city extensively , apply management consciousness, operating mechanism and type of operation in market economy ,etc. to the urban construction and managerial, assemble, recombinate to urban assets and operation , promote the rational distribution of resources, realize the investment subject pluralism, the operation marketization of the project, facilities are enjoyed and commercialized ". Especially in land management, control the total amount of construction land strictly , implementthe urban concentration of landholdings and unify the supply, pursue and dispose the land resource by way of market, trying the government will purchase storing etc. to the land resource, and reform system and combine together with the economic restructuring , enterprise, through the project of " returning and entering three two times " etc., realize industrial structure and land utilize structure " pair is optimized ". This is a beginning of the method of " manages the city, deals in the landing " of our country.Because the urban government has failed to run the law and operate to the land according to the assets for many years, it is urban to be cause the land resource one use and " to the limit their strength, to make the best use of everything " it is getting farther apart still: Allocate land spontaneous trade in a large amount, it makes to be should by huge land income loss that country make to a few unit and individual of the hand not merely, and apt to cause the multicipital supply of land, the total amount is out of control, the disorder situation of land market, make the government difficult and adjust and control effectively the land market supply and demand , has provided the hotbed for breeding of the corruption. Today, the city management idea is being developed constantly, as " city manage " important component " urban land deal in " ", should cause the abundant attention of the urban government. It means mainly the urban government is on the premise of keeping urban land ownership that the land manages in the urban government, pass to such market-based operation which is correlated with the right as the right to use of the urban land , power of management ,etc, solve the problem with unordered land utilization efficiency low , urban construction fund shortage , city"s development.It is an item of comprehensive business activities to operate to the urban land, it involves the participation of such much departments as the territory , real estate management , urban constructio
|
