论文标题:基于PWM的两相混合式步进电机细分驱动芯片的设计
Design of Two-phase Hybrid Stepping Motor Subdivision Driver IC Based on PWM
论文作者 李建玲
论文导师 刘树林,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 电力电子与电力传动
论文单位 西安科技大学,点击次数 464,论文页数 87页File Size3011k
2005-04-25论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_61994992/ 步进电机;细分驱动;PWM;集成电路
Stepping motor; Subdivision drive; PWM ;IC
步进电机经过几十年的发展,在自动控制等相关领域的应用日益广泛,而步进电机的运行性能与其使用的驱动器有着密切的关系,故对步进电机驱动器的研究越来越受到人们的重视。就步进电机的驱动技术而言,细分驱动具有良好的控制效果,而将步进电机细分驱动控制电路集成在一块芯片中,可以使得步进电机在实现细分驱动,得到优良运行性能的同时,整个驱动电路系统的组成更为简单,可靠性更高,控制更为方便。本文在详细论述了步进电机细分驱动原理的基础上,设计了一款基于 PWM 的两相混合式步进电机细分驱动芯片。 论文通过分析两相混合式步进电机的数学模型,介绍了两相混合式步进电机的细分控制策略。步进电机细分控制能够有效地解决电机低频振荡问题,提高了电机在中、低速运行时的性能,同时使得电机的步距精度更高。在两相混合式步进电机细分驱动技术理论分析的基础上,以 3 位非线性 DAC 产生的拟正弦波变化的阶梯电平作为控制电机绕组电流的基准,通过 PWM 控制驱动器的开通和关断,使电机绕组电流按正弦规律变化,从而实现两相混合式步进电机的恒转矩 8 细分驱动。芯片的设计流程按照专用集成电路的设计流程进行,文中详细介绍了组成芯片各个模块的电路结构和原理,并给出了仿真结果。 通过由 EDA 工具提供的 spectre 仿真证明了设计方案和理论分析的可行性和正确性,所设计的基于 PWM 的步进电机细分驱动控制电路可以实现预定目标。在电路设计的基础上,完成了芯片版图的绘制,并验证了版图的正确性。
Stepping motors are widely used in automatic control field with tens of years’ development. The performances of stepping motor are related closely with its driver, consequently, the study on driver of stepping motor gets more and more attention. As for the drive technique of stepping motor, subdivision drive behaves better in controlling, at the same time, integrated subdivision driver of stepping motor makes drive circuit simpler in structure, higher in security and more convenient in controlling as well as the subdivision drive is realized with excellent performance. The thesis expatiates the principle of stepping motor subdivision drive and schemes out a two-phase hybrid stepping motor subdivision driver IC based on PWM. The thesis presents the subdivision drive method by analyzing the mathematics models of two-phase hybrid stepping motor. Using subdivision drive method in the system can markedly decrease low frequency vibration of the motor and enhance motor’s accuracy. Based on the principle analysis of subdivision drive of two-phase hybrid stepping motor, uses the simulant sinusoid ladder voltage that produced with 3-bit nonlinear DAC as the reference current of winding of stepping motor, makes the current of winding of stepping motor to vary also as sinusoid by controlling the on or off time of driver with PWM, achieves the constant-torque 8 subdivision drive of stepping motor. The design of this IC was completed in accordance with the design flow of ASIC. The thesis expatiates the module circuit of the IC and presents the simulation results. The feasibility and validity of the design method and principle analysis were proved by the simulation results with spectre offered by EDA tools, the subdivision driver IC of stepping motor based on PWM in the thesis can realize the target. Based on the circuit design, the thesis completed the layout of IC and confirmed its validity.
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