论文标题:英汉语言句法层面的特征对比及其对教学的指导意义
A Contrastive Study on the Syntactic Characteristics of the English and Chinese Languages and Its Significance to English Teaching
论文作者
论文导师 舒运祥,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 教育
论文单位 华东师范大学,点击次数 139,论文页数 68页File Size3449K
2007-09-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_628183092/
Syntactic Structure;; Negative Transfer;; CA;; Teaching English-Chinese Contrast
本文采用对比分析的方法，选取句法结构的角度，对英汉两种语言的句法结构特征进行了比较深入的对比研究，并尝试利用这些对比研究的成果解释以汉语为母语的英语学习者们在英语输出中经常会出现的一些错误——负迁移，同时以充分的例证论证指出，对比分析法是比较切实有效的教学方法，是排除母语负迁移的良方之一。 全文主要由三部分组成。 第一部分论述了对比分析法的概念、产生的理论基础和历史上人们对对比分析法的各种看法。 第二部分从整体面貌、句子概念和语法核心理念三个角度对英汉两种语言进行了对比，并总结指出了十组区别性特征：树与竹、施与受、静与动、虚与实、我与他、形与意、潜与显、正与反、前与后、简与繁。 第三部分是全文的主要章节，着重论述了上述的十组互为犄角之势的区别性特征如何解释和解决学习者们的英语输出中的负迁移现象，并对一些较为典型的问题提出了相应的应对之道。 最后得出结论：英汉两种语言在句法层面的对比性特征可以有效解决一部分母语负迁移问题，不失为一种值得借鉴好方法。
Based on the methodology of Contrastive Analysis (CA) and from the perspective of syntactic structure, an in-depth contrastive study of the syntactic characteristics of both Chinese and English languages is conducted in this thesis and efforts have been made to apply the fruit ofthis research to the explanation and solution of some mistakes——negative transfer committed frequently in their English output by the English learners, who speak Chinese as their mother tongue. Meanwhile, sufficient exemplification has been provided for the argument that CA can be considered as one of the best ways to eliminate negative transfer of the mother tongue. This thesis mainly consists of three parts. The first part deals with the conception of CA, the theories it is derived from and the different views about it found in history. In the second part, a contrast is made from the perspectives of general picture, conception of sentence and key idea of grammar, and, as a result, ten pairs of distinguishing characteristics are generalized and presented: Tree-likeness vs. Bamboo-likeness, Active vs. Passive, Stative vs. Dynamic, Abstract vs. Concrete, Personal vs. Impersonal, Hypotactic vs. Paratactic, Hidden vs. Marked, Positive vs. Negative, Precedence and Subsequence, and Complex vs. Simplex. The third part, the key part of this thesis, discusses how the ten mutually complementary pairs of distinguishing characteristics are employed to explain and deal with the negative transfers found in the output of the learners and the solutions are offered for some typical problems encountered in English teaching. Conclusion: the ten pairs of distinguishing and mutually complimentary characteristics are effective in dealing with some negative transfers.
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