论文标题:基于GIS的城市空间结构演变研究——以乌鲁木齐为例
The Study of Urban Spatial Structure Evolution Based on GIS--Exemplify with Urumqi
论文作者 邹桂红
论文导师 熊黑钢,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 自然地理学
论文单位 新疆大学,点击次数 31,论文页数 48页File Size3132k
2003-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_638258807/ 城市空间结构,GIS,演变,乌鲁木齐
urban spatial structure,GIS,evolvement mechanism,Urumqi
城市空间结构是城市社会经济组成要素的空间相互关系和相互作用，具体地，它是城市功能区按照各自经济区位的要求形成在空间位置与规模上相互联系、互相制约的集合体，在物质形态上体现为各级城市的中心、开敞空间、居住区、工业区、商业区等，连同城市郊区在相应的交通系统下的分布。 翻开国内城市规划、城市地理学界的权威杂志，利用GIS搭建可视化计算平台，利用空间数据作为城市模型的区位参数，建立简单的数学模型，来对城市规划／城市发展作实证研究的案例都屈指可数。为了弥补这方面的空白，本文借助于ARC／INFO软件矢量化1970、1984、1993年三期乌鲁木齐市土地利用图，建立空间数据库；同时利用它的空间分析功能处理数据，并且借助Visual Basic编写程序，建立数学模型来分析我国西部城市乌鲁木齐从70年代到90年代以来的城市空间结构演变特征。定量、定位地描述它的变化，分析这些变化的空间分异特点，为今后的城市研究和城市规划提出理论依据。 本文的研究内容如下： 第一章主要介绍城市空间结构的概念，演变的动力机制，研究城市空间结构的现实意义。并且在前人的基础上总结城市空间结构研究的理论与方法，并对近一百年来中西城市空间结构模型及其发展做出评述。 第二章介绍研究区乌鲁木齐的历史沿革、自然条件、社会经济、文化情况、回顾了前人所做的乌鲁木齐城市方面的研究，所选取研究区的区域范围，及进行研究的目的和意义。 第三章对本文所借助的辅助工具ARC／INFO的各个模块及其空间分析功能进行了介绍，说明了乌鲁木齐城市空间结构研究的数据来源，其分类系统的建立和利用ARC／INFO处理1970—1993年土地利用图，建立空间数据库的过程。并阐述了主要的研究方法。 第四章引入城市化指数和城市用地密集度指数两个概念，借助于Visual Basic的程序设计功能，编写、分析、运算三期城市用地图；利用ARC／INFO软件显示不同时期乌鲁木齐城市空间结构三维立体图像。通过对乌鲁木齐1970、1984、1993年三个时段的土地利用图的城市化指数运算，根据城市化指数的区域特点，定量确定了乌鲁木齐市的三个增长级：大十字、友好、铁路局。同时，引入城市用地密集度指数描述乌市城市空间结构沿不同增长极的时间，空间演变过程，得出乌鲁木齐市是由单中心向多核心扩散发展的结论。 第五章利用GIS技术结合Visual Basic程序设计，初步探讨了地形对城市空间结构发展的影响。提出起伏度指数与分布比例指数两个概念，在此基础上将地形与城市土地利用类型有机的结合在一起，定量分析城市土地利用类型在空间上的分布及变化特征。据此提出城市空间结构演变的规律：研究区土地主要分布在起伏度指数5～26之间(占全部土地面积的88％)，其中分布在起伏度指数6、7、8上的土地面积占全研究区的37．32％，分布在起伏度指数7上的土地所占比重最大，占14．54％。全研究区地形分布表现出低、中、高三段式空间分布结构。
Urban spatial structure is spatial interrelation and reciprocity of urban society, economic factor. Concretely it is that urban function region forms interrelation and interdependent aggregation on spatial position according to different economic area condition, embodying city center, wide room , living area, business region and traffic distribution.Research on China"s urban development is a profound challenge for both social scientists and decision-maker"s. The dilemma is that researcher can scarcely use the existing theories and findings from international urban studies to find the answers, nor can decision-makers obtain the solution from existing experience and Chinese urban studies, given China"s unique change in socio-economic and political context for urban development as well as the unique changing process of change in cities themselves. There is, moreover, very little analysis that has taken place focusing on spatial patterns of urbanization and urban spatial structure in the far western interior of the country , and none that we know of that has investigated a sample of Urumqi.Urban spatial structure research was started in western country in 1920s,great success was obtained in practice .It began in China in 1980s but the study scope is limited in eastern coastal area. In order to make city spatial structure more fairly, reasonably, and orderly , and build and manage city better ,much attention has been paid to issues of urban spatial structure ,such as urban industrial spatial structure, residential spatial structure, commercial spatial structure ,and political spatial structure at the end of the 1990s in China. This paper regards Urumqi as study object.Urban planning, urban economic, urban sociology, location theory, area development , ect. are considered as a theory foundation. CIS and Visual Basic are regarded as assistant tool, 1970,1984,1993 land use map is data fountain of the paper.Urumqi is China"s largest administrative. The key function of urban is more and more distinct. Therefore, Urumqi become research object and use the analyze function of ARC/INGO, utilize edit function of VB, dealing with 1:10000 ground utilization map. In order to analyze the time and spatial character of urban spatial structure in Urumqi. Therefore, the evolvement of urban spatial structure during urbanization, and landform ingredient bring effect to urban spatial structure is main body.This paper seeks to explain the internal mechanisms of Urumqi urban spatial structure.First, introducing the concept of urban spatial structure , dynamical mechanism of city evolvement, the research purport . Choose through public appraisal the western theory on city.Second, introducing the economic, society, nature condition, looking back the foretyperesearch on urban spatial structure on Urumqi.Third, as an area with the most populous region in Xinjiang , the goal of this paper is to describe and explain on the pass 20 year, the period of most urban rapid, the law of urban spatial structure evolvement..Finally , analyzing the main physical factor that effect the urbanization. The conditions of landform is the basic condition to formalize and change the shape and structure of urban spatial development and expansion. The location of Urumqi is a spot of Physio-geographic importance, and the condition of urban transportation are the key to guide the expansion of urban development.After analyzing Urumqi historical evolution and development processes of the urban morphology, spatial characters, and mechanisms and factors, the paper brings out some suggestion of city plan and construction, and propose the conceiving plan of the urban developing orientation in the future.
|
