论文标题:非营利组织在城市反贫困中的作用分析
Agriculture: Liberalization or Protection
论文作者 赵维良
论文导师 徐雪梅,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 行政管理
论文单位 东北财经大学,点击次数 17,论文页数 58页File Size2642k
2004-12-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_64454702/ 城市贫困;城市贫困群体;城市反贫困;非营利组织
urban poverty; urban poor group; urban antipoverty; Non-Profitable Organization
改革开放以来,我国经济、社会取得了巨大的发展和进步,农村生活水平不断提高,农村贫困人口不断减少。然而,随着我国经济体制改革的进一步深化和城市社会结构的急剧变迁,城市中新出现的贫困群体却在不断增加。城市贫困问题已成为我国改革和发展中急需解决的重要问题,消除城市贫困是实现“共同富裕”的前提和基础。为此,各级政府在城市反贫困方面采取了很多的措施。长期以来,中国政府几乎承担了提供所有公共物品的职责,在城市反贫困中政府取得了巨大的成绩。但是由于政府自身的局限性,以及在城市反贫困实践中表现出来的具体局限,只靠政府一己之力不能完全有效地解决城市贫困问题。因而在城市反贫困中要充分利用社会资源,尤其要发挥非营利组织在城市反贫困中的作用。 本文分析了我国在城市反贫困治理中,非营利组织可能的作用空间以及发挥的作用。在当前城市贫困问题日趋严重的形势下,非营利组织可以很好地增加贫困者的经济机会,有效促进对贫困者的赋权,加强对于贫困者的安全保障。然而相对于功能需求来说,我国非营利组织的发展严重滞后。因此,创造有利于非营利组织发展的制度环境至关重要。 本文由五部分构成。 第一部分:导论,分析选题的背景。改革开放以来,我国城市化速度正在加快,对经济发展起到了显著的促进作用,但同时我国城市贫困问题日益成为一个重要的社会问题。 第二部分:第一章。本部分分析了现阶段我国城市贫困的现状、原因和特点,以及城市贫困的负面影响和近期趋势。进入20世纪90年代以来,伴随着市场经济转型及经济全球化的影响,我国城市居民的贫富分化呈现出加速进行的态势。 第三部分:第二章。本部分介绍了非营利组织的含义,特征,分析了政府在城市反贫困中的局限性以及非营利组织在城市反贫困中的优势和作用。
China has made great progress in economic and social development since the reform and opening policy was implemented. The living standard of rural people is improving and the number of poor rural people is decreasing. However, with further reform and sharp changes of social structure, urban poor group arises and is swelling. Urban poverty has already become an important issue in the reform and development. To wipe off poverty is the base to build up a well-off society. Consequently, governments at different levels have taken comprehensive steps in urban antipoverty. For a long time, China"s government supplies almost all the public goods, and makes much achievement, but there are lots of limitations of government, it can"t solve the issue of urban poverty entirely. Thus it is important to use social resources, especially the function of Non-Profitable Organization during the process of urban antipoverty.The paper analyses the function and advantage of Non-Profitable Organization during the course of urban antipoverty in China. For the serious situation of urban poverty in current China, it is urgent to develop the Non-Profitable Organization, which could increase the economic opportunity of the poof, effectively accelerate the entitlement to the poor, as well as strengthen the security of the poor. However, the development of the Non-Profitable Organization obviously lags behind its functional demand. Thus, it is crucial to create advantageous institutional environments for Non-Profitable Organization.This dissertation is divided into five sections.The first section: Introduction. This part analyzes the background of this topic. Since China"s reform and opening-up, the speed of China"s Urbanization is accelerating, which boost the development of economy. But urban poverty has increasingly been an important social problem.The second section: The first chapter. This part analyzes the current situation, causes and characteristics of urban poverty in China, also the negative and trend inthe near future of urban poverty. Since 1990"s, with the effect of market transfer and economic globalization, the polarization of the poor and the rich is more in evidence in China"s city.The third section: The second chapter. This part introduces the meanings and character of Non-Profitable Organization, analyzes the deficiency of government and the predominance of Non-Profitable Organization during the process of urban antipoverty. Non-Profitable Organization is an important innovation of organization, which has many advantages and must play an important role in urban antipoverty.The fourth section: The third chapter. This part introduces the public service cooperatives in Dalian, analyzes the experiences of Non-Profitable Organization in urban antipoverty.The fifth section: Conclusion. It is important to exert the Non-Profitable Organization during the process of urban antipoverty.
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