论文标题:网络隐私权的法律保护
On Unreal Joint and Several Liabilities
论文作者 汪乾友
论文导师 林刚,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 法律
论文单位 西南政法大学,点击次数 67,论文页数 42页File Size2338k
2004-04-14论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_66008602/ 纯经济损失;第三人纯经济损失;相关经济损失;英美法系;大陆法系;过失不实陈述;注册会计师
pure economic loss,pure economic loss to third party,relational economic loss,Anglo-American law system,continental law system,negligent misrepresentation, certified accountant
随着网络技术的发展和广泛应用，个人隐私权受到前所未有的威胁，隐私权法律保护也受到了严峻的挑战。保障传统隐私权的天然地理屏障和空间壁垒由于网络的开放性而在网络环境中荡然无存，侵犯网络隐私权的行为愈演愈烈。探讨在网络环境中如何对隐私权予以法律保护成为一个重要课题。 全文除引言外，共分四个部分。 第一部分 网络隐私权概述 该部分首先从传统隐私权入手，总结了隐私权的含义和特征，指出隐私意识和隐私权的具体内容具有历史发展的特点，随着社会的发展而不断扩充。传统隐私权属于人格权范畴，客体包括私人活动、个人信息和个人领域，以消极的不受干涉为其权利重心，网络时代的隐私主要以个人数据为表现形式，网络隐私权更具有财产性质，以积极的控制与使用为权利重心，并成为网络时代的基础性权利。 第二部分 侵犯网络隐私权 网络环境中侵犯网络隐私权的行为主要有非法收集个人数据，非法使用他人数据以及侵害他人的私人生活安宁三种形式。同时网络隐私权受到了来自不同方面的具体侵害，其中主要包括网站对个人资料的非法收集和使用；电子邮件尽管有不少优点，但由于其安全性能差，也是极易造成对网络隐私权侵害；电子商务在给人们带来方便时，由于其缺乏必要规则，同样也侵害网络隐私权；黑客的攻击也会侵犯网络隐私权。作者认为，网络隐私权侵权民事责任应采纳过错责任原则，要求侵权人主观上有过错。其承担责任构成要件应包括：损害事实、致害行为的违法性、致害行为和损害结果的因果观关系、致害人的过错。承担责任的方式主要是停止侵害、赔礼道歉、赔偿损失。 第三部分 国外网络隐私权保护及模式评析 该部分首先介绍了国外网络隐私权保护相关规定，其中重点介绍了以欧盟各国和加拿大为代表的法律规制模式和以美国为代表的行业自律模式两种保护网络隐私权模式。认为法律规制模式对保护个人隐私利益是有益的，但这种模式会挫伤行业发展的积极性，滞后的立法必然要阻碍网络技术的发展，进而对经济的发展也会产生一定的负面影响。而靠行业自律模式保护方式，有利于鼓励和促进行业的发展，但由于没有立法上的强制措施和保障手段，会使个人网络隐私权得不到有效保护。第四部分我国网络隐私权法律保护及制度构建了我国网络隐私权法律保护现状后，认为我国尚未构筑出完整的隐私权保护法律体系，隐私权并未成为民法上一项独立的权利。我国还没有针对个人隐私保护的法律，在其他的法律法规中的相关规定也很单薄，隐私权保护，尤其是网络空问的隐私权保护，在我国法律界还是一个新的命题。在对完善网络隐私权保护制度的必要性阐述后，提出了我国网络隐私权保护制度的构建，包括立法原则和具体的保护方式，主张应采取法律规制模式和行业自律样式并用的方式对我国网络隐私叔讲行保护.
With the development and popularity of the Internet technology, the protection of privacy is facing huge challenges. And the natural defense of privacy is fast disapearing because of the opening of Internet. How to protect privacy Internet is becoming an important issue with the more and more fierce infringement of Internet privacy.Besides the preface, there are four parts.Part One: The basic theory of Internet privacy. This part is began with traditional privacy. Then the author synthesized the meaning and feature of privacy and pionted out that the privacy has the character of evolution. Traditional privacy belongs to category of the right of personality whose object includes personal activity, peasonal information and pensonal domain. The pivot of the right is negative noninterference. On the other hand, the Internet privacy has the character of property whose main form is personal data. The pivot of the right is active control and use. The Internet privacy has become a kind of basic right in the Internet era.Part Two: The infringement of Internet privacy. Three questions are discussed in this part. First, the behavior categorgies of infringenment of Internet privacy. There are three main forms which indudes illegal collection of ponsonal data, illegal use of other person"s data, the infringment of other people"s private life. Second, the concrete form of infringement. The Internet privacy can be infringed by e-mail, electric business and hacker. Third, the civil liability of infringement of Internet privacy. The principle of bearing legal liability is negligence principle which demands a neligence in the torler"s subjectivity. Then the constituents of the principle and the fonns of liability arediscussed.Part Three: The protection of Internet privacy in forein countries and the comment about it. There are two protective types of Internet privacy. One is called self-regulation which is represented by America and the other is called legal protection which is adopted by Canada and EU. Each type has its advantage and disadvantage.Part Four: The legal protection and construction of Internet privacy in our country. After the over all analyses of current situation and existing deficiency of the legal protection Internet privacy in our country, the author thinks that our country has not constructed a perfect legal system of the privacy protection and the privacy has not become a dependant right in civil law. To construct legal system of Internet privacy in our country is necessary and urgent. Both the two types mentioned in Part three should be adopted in our country"s legislation about the protection of Internet privacy.
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