论文标题:欧洲中世纪美学思想和艺术价值新论
New Evaluation on Aesthetic Thoughts and Artistic Value of the Middle Ages in Europe
论文作者 盛况
论文导师 陈伟,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 文艺学
论文单位 上海师范大学,点击次数 167,论文页数 82页File Size10563k
2005-04-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_665912542/ 中世纪;美学思想; 艺术价值; 评价
the Middle Ages; aesthetic thoughts; artistic value; new evaluation
西方中世纪美学并没有成为一门独立学科得到发展,但它的某些理论形态的美学因素却已分散和渗透在当时的基督教教义和神学思想中。新柏拉图主义创始人普洛丁认为神明理性是一切美的总根源,他的“流溢说”哲学构成了他的美学基调。奥古斯丁是一个时代精神文化的象征,他对古典美学若干概念加以改造,渗透宗教、超验的色彩,构筑了中世纪基督教神学美学大厦。拜占庭美学集大成者伪狄奥尼修斯对美是上帝的名字的深刻论述更接近中世纪美学的本质精神。神秘主义者拓宽了审美主体的研究,其对审美心理机制的真知灼见影响到后代的美学研究。托马斯·阿奎那吸收了亚里士多德的理论精髓,对美学的体系性建设作出巨大贡献。但丁用《神曲》表达了对中世纪美学的形象化理解,时代赋予的二元性使他逐渐向人文主义世俗美学靠拢。宗教与艺术存在着千丝万缕的关系。哥特式建筑在技术上突破了以往建筑的藩篱。它是城市的纪念碑,也是精神信仰的圣地。它的创造凝结了光和精神审美的观照,离不开物质技术和思想观念的革新。作为他律存在的宗教音乐利用其审美特性来实现宗教目的,是与上帝沟通的方式。拜占庭绘画从立体向平面、从物质审美向精神审美转变,理解它的前提是先理解艺术产生的价值观念、思维模式和心理定势。中世纪文学形成了以教会文学为主多元并存的发展格局,表现出自然人向社会人过渡的特征。
Aesthetics of the Middle Ages in the West had never been considered anddeveloped as an independent subject, though some aesthetic factors, which appearedin theoretical forms, had seeped into temporal Christian doxy and theologicalthoughts.Plotinus, the initiator of the Neoplatonism considers that the root of beauty isthe logos of Gods. His aesthetic thoughts are based on his philosophy calledEmanationism. Aurelius Augustine of Hippo, a symbol of spirit and culture at histime, formed the Christian theological aesthetics in the Middle Ages by modifyingsome classical aesthetic conceptions through a religious way. Pseudo Dionysius theAreopagite, the great Byzantium esthetician, believes that beauty is the name of God.His profound discussion approaches to the essence of the aesthetics in the MiddleAges. The occultismtist widened the study of aesthetical subject and their penetratingjudgments on aesthetical mentality have a great impact on the later studies. ThomasAquinas absorbed Aristotle’s theory and did a great contribution to the system ofaesthetics. Dante, in Divine Comedy, expressed his visualized comprehension onaesthetics. The duality formed by that time drove Dante near to the mundaneaesthetics of humanism.Religion has countless ties to art. The Gothic construction is a breakthrough inbuilding techniques and became the monument of a city or the sanctum of belief.The Gothic construction is a combination of light and aesthetics, techniques andthoughts. Sacred music realize its religious intentions by its aesthetical charactersand is considered a way through which people communicate with God. Byzantiumpaintings changed from solid to plane, from matter to spirit. The prerequisites ofunderstand them are the comprehension of its idea of value, thinking pattern andregular psychological tendency. Literature of the Middle Ages, dominated by churchliterature, put up a character of a transformation from natural person to social person.
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