论文标题:台湾政治转型原因研究
Collection of Rural Tax and Fee: System and Operation
论文作者 杨永生
论文导师 李松林,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育
论文单位 首都师范大学,点击次数 294,论文页数 46页File Size1976k
2004-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_6695102/ 中国国民党,党务革新,政治革新,政治转型
(Kuomintang)KMT,The reform of KMT,Opposition movement,Political transition
20世纪70年代中期到90年代初台湾社会发生政治转型。台湾政治转型起始于1972年3月中国国民党十届三中全会开始的党务革新。由于社会经济的发展，社会结构的变化，社会矛盾的激化，经济多元化导致政治多元化，经济转型最终导致政治转型，党务革新最终导致政治革新。 全文共分四个部分。第一部分是引言。第二部分全面分析台湾政治转型的岛内因素。台湾政治转型深层次的推动力量是社会生产力的决定作用。教育、科技水平的提高是台湾政治转型的催化剂。国民党在大陆的失败，使败退到台湾的国民党吸取了一定的教训，并在严峻的岛内外形势下建立了二元政治体制(威权体制)，即上层(中央)的专制体制和下层(地方)的代议体制。虽然下层代议体制处于劣势，但使民主政治有了生长点。这种二元政治体制是适应当时社会发展的，并带来了60年代后经济和社会的快速发展。经济的发展使台湾大资本家的力量得以壮大，特别是随着台湾跨国公司的形成，使大资本家一定程度上克服了在政治上的软弱性。中小资本家和知识分子阶层的形成，下层政治选举体制，使反对派力量虽然屡受打击，但“春风吹又生”，力量不断发展壮大。军队和情治系统因为江南命案和李亚频事件受到沉重打击，上层体制的老化，腐败日甚，不能实现有效统治。民众受教育水平的提高，舆论制衡作用加强，省籍矛盾加剧都加速了台湾的政治转型。 第三部分分析在岛外台湾受到大陆、美国和周边国家的影响，加速了其政治转型的进程，最终不得以选择建立西方式的政党政治民主模式。第四部分是结语。
Kuomintang(KMT) began to reform its party in 1972. But it leaded to Taiwan"s political transition. This thesis researches for Taiwan"s political transition in order to answer the question that why the political transition happened in Taiwan.The main idea of the thesis is as follows: when KMT retreated from the mainland to Taiwan in 1949, it established two political systems.Under the stable political condition which was brought about by the two political systems , Taiwan"s economy and society developed rapidly. Taiwan turned from traditional society into industrial society which caused the class structure change. The middle small capital class and social intellectuals became a main force against the KMT upper level autocratic system.Under the change of the classes condition in Taiwan and the international condition out of Taiwan, the political forces in Taiwan began to change. The opposition (Dangwai) movement rose which represented the interest of the middle small capital class, pounding the KMT upper level autocratic system in the election, the parliament, the public ideas, the street struggle and establishing opposition party. Facing the crisis of the power efficiency of top political system and the challenge from the opposition movement, KMT not only strengthened the control over the opposition, but also executed the limited political reform which could not satisfied the political demand from the opposition and society. The two political systems got into trouble, Taiwan was in an awkward predicament because of the problems of "martial law" and so on.Entering the 1980s the relation between political forces changed. The opposition movement, social movement and the upper intellectuals" call for reform came together to pound on the KMT upper political system. The big bourgeoisie began to quit KMT. The US imposed KMT to carry out the political transition policy. The open door reform in the mainland and the democratic trend in EastAsia affected Taiwan. The enlightened group and conservative group appeared in KMT. AH of these factors reacted each other to bring the political transition.The thesis has four chapters. The first is the foreword. From the second to the third are the main chapters. The last chapter is conclusion. All of this thesis is about forty thousand words.
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