论文标题:25Hz相敏轨道电路预警系统的设计与实现
Design and Realization of 25Hz Electronic Phase Detecting Track Circuit Pre-warning System
论文作者
论文导师 徐洪泽,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 交通信息工程及控制
论文单位 北京交通大学,点击次数 99,论文页数 76页File Size5844K
2008-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_717657412/
25Hz electronic phase detecting track circuit;; Fault prognosis;;Boundary condition analysis method;; Pattern recognition;; MCU
25Hz相敏轨道电路是适用于电力牵引区段亦可用于非电力牵引区段的一种站内轨道电路主流制式,起到检查线路车辆占用,传递机车信号等作用。轨道电路预警系统实现了对轨道电路的实时监测、故障诊断与故障预警功能,从而为保证行车安全、监测轨道电路设备运行质量、发现设备隐患、分析故障原因、提高电务部门维护水平和维修效率提供了可靠的技术支持。 目前我国轨道电路尚处于故障后维修,效率极低,且尚无行之有效的故障预警监测手段,对轨道电路的维修和日常维护工作仍采用传统模式。针对这一现状,本文以25Hz相敏轨道电路为应用背景,研究了相敏轨道电路特点及故障主导因素,结合对其他领域预警系统的研究,分析了25Hz相敏轨道电路预警系统的功能需求。提出了基于模式识别的故障预警方案及基于规则的故障诊断方式,从而建立轨道电路预警体系,并以此为依据研制了预警系统软件及基于单片机的数据采集系统。最后搭建轨道电路预警系统调试环境,完成系统的调试工作。 论文所做的主要工作如下: 第一,根据25Hz相敏轨道电路的特点,并结合其它领域预警系统的研究成果,确立了25Hz相敏轨道电路的监测范围,制定了25Hz相敏轨道电路预警系统的功能需求及设计原则和标准,设计了轨道电路预警系统的总体结构。 第二,分析了25Hz相敏轨道电路的四端网络模型,依据模型制定了25Hz轨道电路预警系统的警限指标。确定了25Hz相敏轨道电路故障的主导因素,在此基础上,建立了25Hz相敏轨道电路的预警体系。 第三,根据25Hz相敏轨道电路的故障类型,确定了基于规则的故障诊断方式。采用模式识别的方法,结合实际站场,推导出25Hz相敏轨道电路的故障隶属度函数,编制了轨道电路故障预警流程,设计了系统功能软件。 第四,设计了基于单片机的数据采集系统,实现了现场实时状态数据的模/数转换、缓存和转发等功能。并根据来自故障预警中心的指令进行相应的通信处理及过程控制。 最后,搭建了系统调试环境并提出调试方案,对轨道电路预警系统的电压监测、故障预警及故障诊断功能进行验证。
25Hz electronic phase detecting track circuit is widely applied as basic technical equipment in either electrified sections or non-electrified sections, and is used to check the occupation of section, transfer the signal of ground to locomotive. A pre-warning system of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis is built up which can eliminate the influence of flexible changeable machining operating mode of track circuit. Therefore, the pre-waming system of 25Hz electronic phase detecting track circuit which has remarkable benefits in ensuring safety, monitoring operation, analyzing the cause of fault and improving the management efficiency of the railway workers is designed. Presently, track circuit in our country is focused on the repair after malfunction which takes a lot of management time. There is no effectual technique on fault diagnosis prognosis of track circuit. Thus, with the background of the application of 25Hz track circuit, the characteristics of 25Hz track circuit was analyzed, the relevant monitoring and fault diagnosis prognosis system was built up. A pre-warning scheme based on pattern recognition and fault diagnosis methods based on experience of experts were introduced. The pattern recognition software system was designed based on pattern recognition, and also the data acquisition system. The debugging environment was then established. Research works in this thesis were focused on the followings: Firstly, according to the characteristics of 25Hz track circuit and considering research work in other fields about pre-warning as reference, the monitoring range and the main structure of this paper were proposed. The function requirement was analyzed and the design principle was proposed, the overall structure of 25Hz track circuit pre-warning system was then designed. Secondly, distinguishing features of track circuit working state analyzed by boundary condition analysis method were concluded. And the limit of fault prognosis was ensured, definitions of basic segments were offered. Thirdly, method of fault diagnosis was confirmed based on the fault of 25Hz electronic phase detecting track circuit system. The subjection function of track circuit was ascertained by pattern recognition method. Then the software of pre-warning was finished, according to the flow of estimation. Fourthly, data acquisition setting which was the main part of the pre-warning system was designed based on its functional requirements, taking responsibility for A/D conversion, buffer as well as transmission of the real-time state data, and carrying out corresponding communication. Finally, the environment simulation model of 25Hz electronic phase detecting track circuit pre-warning system was constructed, and the function was verified by the platform.
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