论文标题:单位犯罪若干问题研究
Pesearch on Legal Issues of Debt Converted into Equity
论文作者 杨卫光
论文导师 刘德法,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 法律
论文单位 郑州大学,点击次数 126,论文页数 37页File Size2238k
2003-05-08论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_72853342/ 单位犯罪,概念,主体,共同犯罪
unit crime,concept,main body,common crime
我国刑法第三十条规定“公司、企业、事业单位、机关、团体实施的危害社会的行为，法律规定为犯罪的，应当负刑事责任。”第三十一条规定“单位犯罪的对单位判处罚金，并对其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员判处刑罚。本法分则和其他法律另有规定的，依照规定。”另外，刑法分则第二章、第三章、第四章、第六章和第八章等相关章节条文之中，对各种具体的单位犯罪，规定了确定的罪名、罪状和法定刑。可以说，现行刑法中的这些规定，标志着我国惩处单位犯罪刑事法律的完善，这无疑为单位犯罪提供了有利的法律武器。但是，这些规定虽然明确了单位犯罪的主体和刑事制裁的方法，以及单位犯罪的范围，但是，从总论意义上讲，到底什么样的行为是单位犯罪，该如何判定，则完全没有触及。这样，在单位犯罪论中许多对于认定单位犯罪很重要、很基本的问题，现行刑法典留下了很大空白，并使单位犯罪规定的实际价值和可操作性大为降低，使单位犯罪的理论研究和立法实践相脱节。针对以上问题，本文试图就我国单位犯罪理论中的若干问题进行探讨。 本文分为六个部分，第一部分在辨证看待关于单位犯罪概念的几种观点的基础上，通过分析所有能构成单位犯罪的各种情况，重新界定了单位犯罪的概念；第二部分通过论述能够构成单位犯罪的主体的资格条件和具体情况，以及在单位犯罪中主体认定的几个特殊问题，探讨了单位犯罪的主体界定问题；第三部分从单位故意犯罪与自然人共同犯罪的区别入手，论述了单位共同犯罪的主从犯划分以及对单位共同犯罪的处罚问题；针对我国刑法学界很少有人研究单位犯罪的自首和立功问题的现状，本文在第四、第五部分分别就单位犯罪的自首、立功的认定和处理问题进行了探讨；第六部分在分析了我国目前刑法所规定的对单位犯罪的处罚制度的不足的基础上，提出了完善我国单位犯罪刑罚制度的立法建议。
criminal law of our country provides in the 30th article "the harmful conducts to the society that company, corporation, enterprise institution, department, party commit, which the law provides what are crime, should bear the criminal liability." The 31th article provides "sentence the units that crime fine ,and sentence the directly responsible governors and other directly responsible personnel penalty. When provided in this law and other laws ,act as these provisions" In addition, the 2th, 3th, 6th, 8th etc. relative chapters in specific provision of criminal law provide the concrete accusal ,facts about a crime and lawful penalty for all kinds concrete unit crimes. These provisions in present criminal law sign the perfection of criminal law that punish the unit crime , this no doubt provide beneficial lawful weapon for punishing unit crime. Though these provisions provide definitely the main body and the penalty ways ,the range of the unit crime ,what conducts are unit crime and how to judge them ,the general provision don"t touch entirely. Thus, the present criminal law leave much blank behind for the most important and fundamental problems in the theory of unit crime , and lower the actual value and maneuverability of provision about unit crime, make the theoretical research and legislative practice out of joint. Aiming at these problems ,this essay try to probe into the several theoretical problems about unit crime.This essay is divided into six parts. On the basis of looking on the several opinions about the concept of unit crime, the first part define renewedly the concept of unit crime by analyzing all the conditions that can be regarded as unit crime .The second part probe into the definition of main body of unit crime by discussing the competency condition and concrete situation that can be regarded as the main body of unit crime, and the several special problems about the cognizance of the main body .Beginning with the differences between the intentional crime of unit and common crime of nature person, the third part discuss the distinguish between the principal and subordinate criminal and the punishment to the common crime of unit. In view of the present situation that few people in science of criminal law study the self-accusation and making-contribution of unit crime , the fourth and fifth part probe into the cognizance and treatment of the self-accusation and making-contributions of unit crime. Based on analyzing shortages of punishment system provided in our present criminal law, the sixth part put forward the legislative advice of consummating the punishment system of unit crime.
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