论文标题:草坪草根茎采集机的改进与试验研究
Improvement and Experiment Study of Lawn Rhizome Harvesting Machine
论文作者
论文导师 丁为民,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 农业机械化工程
论文单位 南京农业大学,点击次数 122,论文页数 76页File Size11851K
2006-06-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_73120537/
rhizome; harvesting machine ;obtuse angle L-shaped blade; harvesting rate; qualified rate
目前，草坪业的发展速度很快。建植草坪的方法有两种：一种是种子繁殖；另一种是营养体繁殖。营养体繁殖是我国传统的草坪种植方法。传统的营养体繁殖主要是以草坪卷的方式进行移植，每次草坪卷要带走2-3cm厚的表土层。如果以每年生产三茬计算，连续生产三年，草坪卷就要带走18cm以上的表土层，对土壤结构有极大的破坏性。因此，探索草坪新的建植方式具有重要意义。根据草坪草的生物学原理，可以利用草坪草的匍匐茎和根状茎作为营养体繁殖材料来建植草坪。 本文采用草坪草根茎规模化生产工艺技术，工艺流程为：采集根茎——简易处理——贮运——贮藏——直播——养护——成坪。经过试验表明：这种方法与传统人工铲运铺植方法相比，大大提高了生产率，节省了运输成本；与种子繁殖相比，成坪周期大大缩短。这种方法由于成本低，工艺过程简单，容易推广。 在CSO1A-46B型梳草机基础上，改进其工作部件——刀片，将梳草机改装为根茎采集机。从理论上分析了影响机器采集率和采集质量的因素，设计出几种新的刀片，通过田间试验，比较各种刀片的采集率，通过分级试验比较出各种刀片采集出根茎合格率，最后选择一种采集率最高和合格率高的刀片形状和刀片数量。试验表明：在下雨前采集，当正切面沿倾斜角为20°折弯时，折弯角为120°刀片采集率最高；下雨后采集，折弯角为135°刀片采集率最高，而且，两种刀片采集出根茎的合格率都较高；另外，刀片数量为40把时最适合。 另外，草坪根茎采集后，往往不能及时播种，需要采用储藏保鲜措施。传统的储藏保鲜方法是室外保鲜方法，这种方法只能保鲜7天。本文提出采用冷库储藏草坪根茎的方法，将采集下来的根茎放入NZL冷库内，控制其温度为0℃～5℃，储藏30天后，在试验地进行种植，试验表明，经保鲜后草坪根茎种植出苗率高，生长状况良好。说明采用这种储藏保鲜方法是成功的，这对草坪建植来说具有现实意义。
At present, the lawn industry is developing quickly. These are 2 ways of lawn growing: seeding, nutrition reproduction. The nutrition reproduction is the traditional way that the lawn grows from turf roll. Each time the turf roll carries 2-3cm surficial soil. With 3 crops a year, continuous production for three years, will carry 18cm surficial soil, which will severely destroy the structure of the soil. Therefore ,it is significant to new ways of lawn growing .According to the biological principle of lawn grass , the stolon and the rhizome of lawn grass can be used to plant lawn as nutrition reproduction materials.This article adopts the large scale production technique. The process is as follows: harvesting, processing, transporting, storing, seeding, maintaining, and forming lawn. The experiment indicated that: compared with the traditional way, this method can greatly improve productivity, and save transportation cost. Compared with the seeding way, it can shorten the formation cycle. The cost of the method is so little and the process is so simple that it is easy to promote.Based on the TYPE CSO1A-46, the author tries to improve its blades into a rhizome harvesting machine. The factors affecting harvesting quality were analyzed resulting in the development of new types of blade, which were field tested. The results indicate: that the harvesting machine with the blade secant surface 20° inclined, 120° curved, has the best harvesting rate (before raining); that the harvesting machine with the blade secant surface 20° inclined, 135° curved, has the best harvesting rate(after raining); besides that, the qualified rate of rhizome for these two blades are more satisfied and the recommended number of blade is 40.In addition, after lawn rhizome harvested, it often cannot be planted in time, and needs preserving. The traditional preservation is outdoors and it can only remain fresh for 7 days. This article proposes using the refrigerator to preserve with the temperature from 0℃ to
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