论文标题:基于仿真的柔性自动化钢料加工车间规划设计研究
Study of Simulation-based Design for the Layout of Flexible Automated Hull Manufacturing Workshop
论文作者 梁海峰
论文导师 刘玉君,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 船舶与海洋结构物设计制造
论文单位 大连理工大学,点击次数 90,论文页数 78页File Size6393k
2005-03-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_75822807/ 造船;仿真;柔性制造;规划设计;遗传算法;优化
Shipbuilding; Simulation-based; Flexible Manufacturing; Layout; Generic Algorithm; Optimization
近年来,以柔性制造技术(Flexible Manufacturing Technology)为代表的先进制造技术越来越受到造船企业的重视。它们对提高企业生产效率和生产柔性,降低生产成本,提高企业对市场的快速响应能力和竞争能力等方面具有重要推动作用,为企业带来了巨大的经济效益。然而,在船厂建立一套全新的柔性自动化生产线需要耗费很多年时间和大量的资会,同时也具有很大的风险。在这期间会出现更先进的自动化生产车间、更先进并且价格低廉的硬件设施和软件支持,使得新建设的生产线失去市场竞争力,违背决策者的初衷。因此,有必要对设计的自动化加工生产线的布局规划和工艺流程预先进行仿真及模拟运行,供决策参考,降低投资风险。 本文提出了使用仿真的方法来研究柔性自动化钢料加工车间的规划设计。钢料加工生产线的仿真属于离散事件动态系统仿真。在对几家大型造船厂的钢料加工车间的实地调研和考察之后,分析了某车间运行的实际情况;对该车间的主要的技术操作员和专家采用问卷调查的形式进行了咨询,获取了大量的实际生产过程的重要信息;对车间目前的工艺流程、资源分配、规划布局和实际生产过程的大量生产数据加以分析和整理:利用面向对象的方法建立加工车间的系统模型和仿真模型,开发了模拟钢料加工车间自动化生产的仿真软件SSHM (Simulation for Ship Hull Manufacturing),并对仿真设计方案的生产效率进行了分析和讨论。 另外,本文研究了遗传算法在规划设计中的应用,编制了基于遗传算法的优化设备布局程序。针对某钢料车间的柔性自动化改造设计,采用实际生产数据运行仿真程序,根据仿真的结果,运用遗传算法计算出了最优化的车间规划布局方案。
Recent years, Flexible Manufacturing Technology and other advanced manufacturing technologies are of great interest to shipyards. These technologies have lots of advantages in improving productivity effect, flexibility and reducing production cost, which will bring shipyards tremendous economic benefits. In practice, it may take several years to set up a new automated workshop, incur tremendous cost, and involve high risk. During the construction of a new workshop, more advanced and cheaper hardware and software would be expected. In addition, the shipbuilding market may also be changed as well. The building workshop may lose competitiveness. Therefore, before a new automated workshop is set up, it is essential to design a virtual workshop and simulate the process in advance.In this paper, a simulation-based method is used to study the layout of flexible manufacturing workshop. The simulation of the flexible manufacturing workshop is a kind of discrete event system simulation. A lot of fieldworks have been done to collect the runtime data of the workshop in several famous shipyards. A survey is carried out among the workers and engineers to get the important information during practical production, such as production process, resource distribution, facility layout, etc. A simulate software named SSHM (Simulation for Ship Hull Manufacturing) is developed for the design of the automated ship hull manufacturing workshop by using object-oriented methodology. Analysis and Evaluation of productivity for the design project is also carried out.GA (generic algorithm) applied in machine layout design is also discussed in this paper. A GA-based program is developed to optimize the design of workshop layout. And then, the program is applied to a rebuild project of a ship hull fabrication workshop with practical data. Simulation results show that the layout calculated is optimum one, whose performance is satisfied.
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