论文标题:两相混合式步进电机细分驱动控制器的研究
Research on the Subdivided Control Driver of Two-phase Hybrid Stepping Motor
论文作者
论文导师 熊永前,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 电力电子与电力传动
论文单位 华中科技大学,点击次数 212,论文页数 55页File Size802K
2006-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_795964497/
hybrid stepping motor;; subdivided control;; PWM ;;SCM
步进电动机突出的优点是它可以在宽广的频率范围内通过改变脉冲频率来实现调速,快速起停、正反转控制等,并且由其组成的开环系统既简单、廉价,且非常可靠,因此在众多领域有着极其广泛的应用。 步进电动机必须和驱动控制器配合使用,而不能直接接到交直流电源上工作。当要求步进电动机有更小的步距角,更高的分辨率(即脉冲当量),或者为减小步进电机本身所固有的低频振动、噪声等问题时,细分是唯一的解决途径。 随着电力电子技术的发展,单片机的性价比日益提高,考虑到成本因素,本文介绍了一种基于单片机的两相混合式步进电机细分驱动控制系统。本系统采AT89C2051单片机作为核心控制器件,采用专门为步进电机设计的L6203全桥驱动芯片作为功率驱动器件,结合电流反馈电路实现对两相混合式步进电机的细分控制。 在控制方法上,本文通过分析两相混合式步进电机的运行原理,推导了其数学模型,在此基础上采用恒频PWM恒流斩波与可变细分相结合的控制策略。通过PWM方式控制各相绕组电流,使其按阶梯正旋规律改变大小和方向,实现将步进电动机一个整步均分为若干个更细的微步。 本文按由硬件实现细分驱动,单片机及软件用于控制的思想设计了驱动控制器。并对该驱动控制器进行了实验研究,实验结果表明该驱动控制器能较好的驱动步进电机平稳运行。
The advantages of stepping motor are regulating-rate, quickly rise-stop, positive- reverse controlling and brake etc by changing the frequency of pulse. The stepping motor opening-ring system is simple, cheap, stable and reliable, therefore its application is very extensive in many realm. Only when it is connected to a special equipment—stepping motor driver, stepping motors can work properly. Microstep have to be considered when smaller step angle, better resolving ability is needed or to solve the problem of vibrancy, noise and so on. Microstep technique can make the step-angle smaller, improve the resolving ability and solve the problem of vibrancy, noise. As a result, it makes stepping motor more suitable to be used in advanced control system. The thesis develops a SCM-based subdivided control system for two-phase hybrid stepping motor. This system is mainly constructed from an AT89C2051 SCM which is used as the core of control parts and a full-bridge driver L6203 which is used as driving parts. Combined with other circuits and apparatus, the system fulfills the subdivided control of two-phase hybrid stepping motor. As the development of power electronics, the function of single chip computer becomes more powerful and the price becomes cheaper. The thesis analyses the theory of two-phase hybrid stepping motor and sets up its mathematics model. Through the chopper with constant frequency PWM and constant current combined with variable subdivision, by means of PWM control to the phrase winding current in order to adjust its amplitude and direction in the principle of ladder sinusoid form, we can fractionize the step-angle to Microstep. The driver controller is composed of two parts, the subdivision part is realized by hardware, and another part is control idea which is realized by SCM and software. In addition, the driver controller is put into experiment research and the result shows that the driver controller could fulfill the control task of two-phase hybrid stepping motor greatly.
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