论文标题:中学语文视野中的诗歌语言句式研究
The Study of the Sentence Structure of the Poetic Language in the Field of Chinese Teaching in High School
论文作者 刘合广
论文导师 周光庆,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 学科教学论
论文单位 华中师范大学,点击次数 148,论文页数 37页File Size1341k
2003-11-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_833241042/ 诗歌语言,句式,描述,分析,改写
Verse language,Sentence style,Describe,Analysis,Teaching
本文认为诗歌语言是不同于日常语言、散文语言的一种特殊的艺术语言，诗歌语言句式是诗歌之所以为诗歌的根本特质，它使一般语句产生了特殊的表达魅力。这种特殊句式，古人称之为“诗家语”，现代语言学认为这是对常规语言的扭曲和变异，是语言的“陌生化”，诗歌语言的句式，因而也被称为“陌生化”的语言。由于陌生，增加了读者对话语本身的关注，因而也扩展了语言的表达内涵和外延，提高了语言的表达效率。 诗歌语言句式的特殊主要表现在语序的错综，成分的省略，特殊的语法句等几个方面。其中语序的错综最为常见，包括主语后置、宾语前置、主宾换位、定语挪前、定语挪后、定中换位、状语挪前、状语挪后、连动式部分谓语挪前、兼语式部分谓语挪前。虽然这些错位或许日常语言、散文语言也有，但远不如诗歌使用这么频繁和自觉。诗歌句式特殊还表现为较多成分省略，除了虚词等常省略之外，甚至连基本的名词、动词，表示逻辑联系的关系词也常省略，这增加了阅读的困难，也丰富了诗歌内涵。特殊的语法句在诗歌语言句式中也较多见，如几句意思合为一句的紧缩句，和一句意思分为几句的扩展句。紧缩和扩展调节了表达的节奏，产生了言外义。 对诗歌语言句式的理解和掌握将有助于读解和欣赏诗歌，使得对诗歌的理解更加深入到诗歌的核心。这种理解不同于传统教学中只重词义、句意的讲解，诗歌中心思想的归纳。这种理解将读者带入诗人创作的现场，使读者参入诗歌创作，因而更能深入诗境，更能体会出语言的“诗味”来。 但长期以来，中学诗歌教学较忽略诗歌这种最精华的元素——诗歌语言的赏析，尤其对最具诗味的特殊性诗歌句式的关注更少。正因如此，本文着重归纳了中学古典诗歌中所出现的各种诗歌语言句式，并对每种句式进行了描述和分析。以此为基础还探讨了基于诗歌语言句式学习的诗歌教学尝试，即诗歌改写教学。所谓诗歌改写是将古代的诗歌改写成现代散文，改写成现代诗歌，在馨硕士学位论文入IAST〔R’51.1】ESIS改写中一方面基于诗歌句式知识读解诗歌意义，另一方面通过改写后的散文语言、日常语言与原诗语言对照，在对照中体会诗味。当然，诗歌语言句式通常是和其他诗歌修辞杂揉一处，共同构成诗歌语句的多义。因而对多义性诗歌语句的改写也最能察看诗歌语言句式在诗歌实际表达中的应用情形，同时也最能体会诗歌语言句式在实际表达中的效果。总而言之，诗歌改写是基于诗歌语言句式的规律的改写，这种改写教学切入了诗歌最本质的元素，多做些这样的改写教学，将会对学生阅读和欣赏诗歌有更多的帮助。
This text thinks that the verse language is different from usually a kind of special art language of the language, prose language, verse language a type is basic characteristic that verse of so for verse, it make the general language sentence produce the special the magic power of expression.This kind of special a type, the ancients calls it as language that" poem house language", the modern linguistics thinks that this is to phonetic distortion in normal regulations with variation, is phonetic" not seen before turn", verse phonetic a type, as a result also is called" not seen before turn".Because not seen before, the concern that increased the reader dialogue language oneself, as a result also expanded the phonetic the content of expression with postpone outside, increase phonetic the efficiency of expression.Verse language a type of special express primarily in the language preface of complicated, the composition abridges, special phrasing an etc. a few aspects. . Among them language preface of complicated and the most familiar, include the subject postpose, the object places before, the main guest changes, settle the language before moving, settle the language after moving, settle the inside change a language moves the front, form language after moving, connect move type parts of the Ian guage of predicate before moving and concurrently language type parts of the language of predicate is before moving. Although these of mis takes probably usually the language, prose language also has, far not equal to verse usage so multifarious with aware of self.The verse a type is special to return performance as the more com position abridges, be sides empty word etc. often abridges outside, even connect the basic word, verb, mean that the relation phrase that logic contact also often abridges, this increased the difficulty that read, also enriching the verse content.The special phrasing sentence is too more to see in verse language a type, matching such as afew meaning for a tighten a, is divided into with a meaning several s expand sen tence. Tighten with ex pand the rhythm that regulated the expression, produce the righ te ousness outside the speech.Will is beneficial to read the solution with controling with enjoy the verse to the comprehension of the verse language a type, make go deep into the core of the verse more to the comprehension of the erse. This kind of comprehension differs from the traditional teaching inside the heavy phrase righteousness, sentence idea explains in detail, the verse center thoughts of induce. This kind of comprehension take the reader into the spot of poet"s artistic, making reader three into verse artistic, as a result can also go deep into the poetry, can also realize the ph onetic" poem flavor" comes.But for long time, high school verse teaching than neglect the verse this kind of most the chemical element of the essence? the verse app reciates the analyse phoneticly, particularly to have most the concern of the special verse a type of the poem flavor less. Because of such, this text emphasized to induce the classic every kind of verse appeared in verse language in high school a type, and proceeded to describe to each a type with analyze.Regarded this as the foundation to still inquiry into according to the verse teaching of the verse language a type study tries, namely the verse rewrites the teaching. The so-called verse re writes is to rewrite the ancient verse modern prose, rewrite modern verse, base on on the other hand in rewrite the verse a type knowledge read to solve the verse meaning, on the other hand pass prose language that after rewriting and usually the language checks against with original poem language, real izing the poem flavor in check against. Certainly, verse language a type usually is with interfuse rhetoric in other verse, much more lexical righteousness in verse in common composing.As a result is lexical to rewrite to also can inspect the verse language a type most to many righteousnesses verse in verse physically express of applied situ
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