论文标题:果寡糖和甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪生产性能影响及其机理的研究
Study on Effects of Fructo-oligosaccharides and Mannan Oligosaccharides on Performance and Its Mechanism in Weaned Pigs
论文作者 臧建军
论文导师 车向荣；岳文斌,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 动物营养与饲料科学
论文单位 山西农业大学,点击次数 87,论文页数 47页File Size2578k
2003-07-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_84225237/ 果寡糖,甘露寡糖,免疫机能,脂类代谢,断奶仔猪
FOS,MOS,immune response,lipid metabolism,weaned pigs
本研究探讨了果寡糖和甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪免疫机能、脂类代谢和生产性能的影响。试验采用随机区组设计法将48头健康、体重一致的35日龄断奶杜×长大仔猪分为四组，每组3个重复，每个重复4头进行为期四周的饲养试验。四个处理组分别为：基础日粮+0.5％果寡糖(FOS组)、基础日粮+0.3％甘露寡糖(MOS组)、基础日粮+0.45％果寡糖+0.25％甘露寡糖(F+M组)、基础日粮+75mg／kg金霉素+40mg／kg洛克沙生(ABT组)。试验结果表明：(1)与抗生素相比，尽管寡糖组断奶仔猪ADG、ADFI较低，但FOS和MOS有改善F／G的趋势；同时复配添加FOS和MOS较添加单一的FOS或MOS提高了断奶仔猪的ADG和ADFI(p＞0.05)；此外添加寡糖极显著降低了仔猪腹泻的发生(p＜0.01)。(2)除在断奶后第28天F+M组较ABT组总的超氧化物歧化酶(TSOD)活性显著提高(p＜0.05)(222.67±88.31对47.33±42.57)外，寡糖对血浆TSOD活性的影响差异不显著(p＞0.05)；寡糖对血浆过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性影响不显著(p＞0.05)；在断奶后第28天，FOS组和MOS组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性分别较ABT组高12.94％、16.95％(p＜0.05)，在断奶后第7、14、21天寡糖组GSH-Px活性也较ABT组高(p＞0.05)；各处理组在断奶后第7、28天血清丙二醛(MDA)含量差异不显著(p＞0.05)；在断奶后第14天，FOS组(7.61±1.93)和F+M组(3.69±2.18)丙二醛含量分别较ABT组(9.78±2.14)显著降低(p=0.01)，FOS组、MOS组和F+M组MDA含量在断奶后第21天分别较ABT组显著低33.86％、31.48％、32.28％(p=0.01)。(3)寡糖组免疫器官指数较抗生素组大(p＞0.05)。(4)在断奶后第7天，FOS(0.32±0.49)、MOS(0.32±0.04)和F+M(0.32±0.07)均较ABT(0.20±0.01)显著提高了血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)的浓度(p＜0.05)，同时Fos(3 .5肚0.49)较ABT(2.68士0.47)显著提高了190浓度(p<0.05);F+M显著提高了断奶后第21天IgG浓度(p<0.05); Mos显著提高了断奶后第21天IgM浓度(p<0.05)。(5)与ABT相比，Fos显著提高了断奶后第7天胸腺(21.33士6.03对37.33士4.04)、脾脏(19.67士2.08对30.33士8.73)、淋巴结(24.67土4.16对37.67士2.52)eo4+T淋巴细胞百分数(p<0.05);Fos(2 1 .33士4.04对32.00士5.29)、MOS(21.33士4.04对37.33土3.21)、F+M(21.33士4.04对犯.00士3.60)显著提高了断奶后第28天胸腺CD4+T淋巴细胞百分数(p<0.05):Mos(20.67土3.5一对29.67士5.51)显著提高了断奶后第7天胸腺CDS+T淋巴细胞百分数;F+M(1 7.0肚1 .00对22.67士3.06)显著提高了断奶后第7天脾脏cDS+T淋巴细胞百分数(p<0.05);各寡糖组对断奶后第25天eD4+、ens+T淋巴细胞百分数影响不显著(p>0.05):ABT(34.33士5.03)在断奶后第7天较F+M(20‘67士6.43)显著提高了淋巴结CDS+T淋巴细胞百分数(p<0.05):在断奶后第7天，FOS组(1 .42士0.32)、MOS组(1.52士0.46)、F+M组(一51士0.30)淋巴结Cn4+/CDS+比值显著(P<0.05)大于ABT组(0.710.03);在断奶后第28天，FOS组(1.36士0.21)和MOS组(1.34士0一6)脾脏CD4+/CDS+比值显著(P=0.01)大于ABT组(0.94士0.29)，除此之外，各寡糖组CD旷/C DS+比值较寡糖组大(p>0.05)，寡糖组间差异不显著。(6)各寡糖组血清总胆固醇(Tc)含量较 ABT组低(p>0.05);FOS较ABT显著降低断奶后第7(0.49士0.09对0.75士0.22)、14(0.41士0.03对0.69士0.09)、21天(0.34士0.06对0.70士0.20)血清甘油三醋(TG)含量(p<0.05);各寡糖组血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的含量较ABT组高(p>。.05)o (7)除在断奶后第28天FOS组(27.9肚4.85)白蛋白(ALB)含量、白蛋白/球蛋白(A/G)显著(p=0.01M氏于MOS组(36.72士2.45)、F+M组(35.04士4.09)和ABT组(41 .25士2.44)外，各寡糖组间以及寡糖组与ABT组血清总蛋白 (TP)、ALB、球蛋白(GLO)、血清尿素氮(BIJN)含量以及刀G间差异不显著(p>0.05)。
The effects of Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) on immune response, lipid metabolism and performance were studied in weaned pigs. Fourty-eight 35-d-old weaned DurocxLandrace-Yorkshire pigs were divided into four groups with three replicates, each of which including 4 piglets, in a randomized block design. The four groups were fed with basic diet containing 0.5% FOS(group FOS), containing 0.3%MOS(group MOS), containing 0.45%FOS and 0.25MOS(group F+M), containing 75mg/kg Chlorcycline and 40mg/kg Roxarsone(group ABT), respectively. The results showed that: (l)Though average daily gain(ADG) and average daily feed intake(ADFI) in group FOS, MOS, F+M were lower than that in group ABT(P > 0.05), feed/gain(F/G ) in group FOS, MOS and F+M were improved(P > 0.05); The diarrhea frequencies in group FOS(0.88±0.22), MOS(1.04±0.15), F+M(0.95±0.25) were marked lower than that of group ABT(1.77±0.21)(p < 0.01). (2)The activities of total superoxide dimutase(TSOD) in group F+M(222.67±88.31) was significant higher than in group ABT(47.33±42.57) (p < 0.05) in 28th day after weaned; Compared with antibiotics, FOS, MOS, F+M enhanced the activities of TSOD in 7th, 14th, 21st day after weaned(P >0.05); There were no significant difference of the activities of catalase(CAT) among group FOS, MOS, F+M(P > 0.05); The activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in group FOS, MOS, were increased by 12.94%, 16.95%(p < 0.05), in contrast to that in group ABT in 28th day after weaned, at the same time, the activities of group GSH-Px in group FOS, MOS, F+M were higher than that in group ABT(P > 0.05) in other day after weaned; The contents of malondialdehy(MDA) in group FOS(7.61±1.93), F+M(3.69±2.18) were lower than that of group ABT(9.78±2.14) (p=0.01) in 14th day after weaned ; Compared with antibiotics, FOS, MOS, F+M significantly reduced the contents of MDA by 33.86%, 31.48%, 32.28%(p < 0.01), respectively, in 21st day after weaned ; FOS, MOS and F+M had no profound effects on the contents of MDA(P > 0.05) in 7th, 28th day after weaned. (3)The index of thymus, spleen, lymph node in group FOS, MOS, F+M were higher than that in group ABT(P > 0.05). (4)In 7th day after weaned, the concentrations ofimmunoglobulin(IgA) in group FOS(0.32±0.08), MOS(0.32±0.04), F+M(0.32±0.07) significantly higher than in group ABT (0.20±0.01) (p < 0.05), at the same time, the concentrations of IgG in group FOS(3.50?0.49) were higher than that in group ABT(2.68±0.47) (p < 0.05); Compared with antibiotics, F+M increased the concentration of IgG markedly(p < 0.05) in 21th day after weaned; MOS increased the concentration of IgM profoundly(p < 0.05) in 21th day after weaned. (5)In 7th day after weaned; the percentages of CD4+ of thymus, spleen, lymph node in group FOS(37.33±4.04, 30.33±8.73, 37.67±2.52) were higher than in group ABT(21.33±6.03, 19.67±2.08, 24.67±4.16 accordingly) (p < 0.05), the percentages of CD8+ of spleen in group F+M{22.66±3.05) were higher than in group ABT(17.00±1.00) (p < 0.05), the percentages of CD8+ of thymus in group MOS(29.67±5.51)were higher than that in group ABT(20.67±3.51), the percentages of CD8+ of lymph node in group F+M(20.66±6.42) were lower than that in group ABT(34.33±5.03) (p< 0.05); In 28th day after weaned, the percentages of CD4+ of thymus in group FOS(32.00±5.29), MOS(37.33±3.21), F+M(32.00±3.60) were higher than in group ABT(21.33±4.04) (p < 0.05), there were no significant differences among group FOS, MOS, F+M and antibiotics(P > 0.05) in CD8+ of thymus, spleen and lymph node(P > 0.05); Though there were no significant difference among group FOS, MOS, F+M and ABT, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in group FOS, MOS,F+M was larger than that in group ABT, except that lympho node CD4+/CD8+ ratio in group FOS(1.42±0.32), MOS(1.52±0.46), F+M(1.51±0.30) was larger (p< 0.05)than that in group ABT(0.71±0.03) in 7th day after weaned and spleen CD4+/CD8+ ratio in group FOS(1.36±0.21), MOS(1.34±0.16) was larger(p=0.01) than in gro
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