论文标题:基于敏捷模式的生产车间计划与调度系统研究
Research on the Job-Shop Planning and Scheduling System Based on Agile Pattern
论文作者
论文导师 李言,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 机械制造及其自动化
论文单位 西安理工大学,点击次数 155,论文页数 75页File Size3561K
2006-03-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_849793867/
Agile manufacture; job-shop scheduling; Optimized algorithm;
敏捷制造已成为21世纪制造企业的主要生产模式,它以“竞争一合作(协同)”的方式,提高企业竞争能力,实现对市场需求做出灵活快速反应。订单任务频繁变化、紧急订单任务的出现概率也不断增加,造成车间生产计划调度的动态性大大增加,传统的生产调度方法和调度系统不能适应车间敏捷化的要求,如何安排生产计划、如何进行调度成为企业生产顺利、有效进行的关键问题。因此,研究适应现代敏捷化企业车间需要的生产作业调度技术有现实的理论意义和实用价值。 在对敏捷企业制造车间系统结构、敏捷制造车间的运行特点及作业调度流程分析的基础上,提出了一种敏捷化车间作业计划系统的结构模式,建立了车间调度系统的功能模型,并对系统的各功能模块进行了规划和研究。 针对敏捷车间调度问题,考虑到车间调度工艺约束以及加工设备资源种类、数量变化的情况和各类资源在可用时间上的相互约束影响,建立了多资源约束的车间调度问题的通用模型,设计并完成了以启发式、遗传算法以及蚁群算法为基础的三种优化调度方法。 完成的启发式作业车间优化调度,以流通时间为目标,引入了备选工艺方案,设计了单规则调度和多规则组合调度方法,基于不同的规则对调度目标的影响程度来决定待加工工序的优先权数,以实现调度任务的分配和优化。通过实例仿真,分析了单规则和组合规则以及工艺方案对多资源约束车间调度结果的影响。 将启发式算法和遗传算法结合起来,提出了一种混合自适应遗传优化调度方法。该方法根据多资源之间的约束关系及优先规则对调度目标的影响程度,设计了新的编码和解码规则,采用正弦函数作为自适应因子,加入到交叉和变异操作中,使得交叉和变异概率能随群体的适应值而自动改变。实例仿真表明,该算法可以有效地解决作业车间在机床、刀具等多种生产资源约束下的调度问题,并克服了启发式算法不具备全局搜索的优势和遗传算法存在的早熟和收敛性难以控制的缺陷,取得了比单独使用启发式算法和遗传等算法更好的效果。度问题通过图形化定义转换成相对应的寻找最优路径问题,并在蚁群搜索中采用双向收敛的轨迹强度的更新规则,设计了基于蚁群算法的优化调度方法,并进行了实例验证。 在上述研究基础上,采用Java语言和SQLSEVER数据库实现了敏捷制造生产计划调度系统仿真平台,系统运行结果证明所提方法正确可行,系统运行稳定。
Agile manufacture will be the main production mode of 21 century. It enhances the enterprise’s competitive ability and makes the agility and rapid response to market’s demand through the way of“competition-cooperation (coordination)”. The change on the order task and the appearance of the emergent order task make the dynamics of the productive scheduling problem in workshop increase greatly, traditional production scheduling technology can not meet the demand of the agility of workshop, how to plan and schedule becomes the key issue to make the manufacture process smoothly and efficiently. And it is very important that the research on effective scheduling and optimization to improve productivity and reduce cost. On the base of analyse to the agile manufacture workshop’structure and operation characteristic and task scheduling flow, one kind of structure pattern of task planning system in agile workshop is presented and the function model of workshop scheduling system is established, and the author also program and make research in the system’s function module. For Multiple Resource Constrained Job-shop Scheduling Problem(M RCJSP), the Multiple resource constrained programming model is established which considers resources’type changing and restraint influence in resources’available time, and the author designs and complete three optimized scheduling approach which base on heuristic、GA and ant colony algorithm respectively. The heuristic optimization scheduling algorithm used in Job-Shop is designed which takes the maketime as the goal and introduces plan of the alternative process, and realizes the assignment and optimization of scheduling task based on the influence which the different rule make to the scheduling goal.It includes the scheduling method of single-rule and the multi-rules combination.The influence which single-rule and the multi-rules combination and process planning on the scheduling result of Multiple Resource Constrained Job-shop is analyzed in the paper. An another scheduling approach based on hybrid self-adaptive genetic algorithm(HSGA) combined with the dispatching rule and GA is presented, in which the new rule of coding and decoding are designed and adaptive factor is adopted tomake probability of crossing and variation change with adaptation degree of the colony automatically. The results show that HSGA performs well for M RCJSP and prior to independent heuristic algorithm and GA on some performance indexes. Based on the principle of the method that ant colony find the shortest way to look for food according to transfer information, the auther ,transforming the M RCJSP to the problem of finding the shortest way via the graphical definition, using the bidirectional restrained renewal rule, designs the ant colony algorithm optimized scheduling approach and confirms the example. As researched above, the Java language and SQL have been used to realize the agile manufacture production planning scheduling system simulation platform. The running of this system shows the feasibility and validity of those scheduling approachs.
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