论文标题:刑事诉讼证人作证豁免制度研究
The Study on the System of Immunity of Witness in Criminal Procedure
论文作者 黄敏
论文导师 胡锡庆,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 诉讼法学
论文单位 华东政法学院,点击次数 86,论文页数 70页File Size499k
2004-04-20论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_85265592/ 期待权;法律上的保护;所有权保留;继承权;附条件权利
the right of expectation; the protection in law;proprietary retained; inheritance; the right with added conditions
证人作证豁免制度,在当前的诉讼法理论界还是一个相对陌生的命题,学者对此鲜有论及,对该问题进行系统分析的文章更几乎没有;相形之下,我国司法实践中,为适应诉讼的需要,司法机关借用现行刑法与刑诉法中“自首、立功、酌定起诉权”条款与犯罪嫌疑人进行“豁免交易”却很常见。理论基础和制度构建的缺乏使得实践中的做法处在法律的“灰色”地带,是制度的畸形存在,既不能完全发挥该种制度的优越性,又易孳生司法腐败,更在深层次意义上成为阻碍我国司法文明的进程的绊脚石。本文的选题正是考虑到我国证人作证豁制度的缺乏与实践的需要已经构成了鲜明的矛盾,以期能将国外该制度作一个完整而系统的介绍,并对我国实践中“豁免”的运作困境作出理论上的疏通,引起理论界和实务界的重视,从而为该制度的构建、刑事诉讼的实证研究贡献绵薄之力。本文分为导言和四章正文,基本内容如下:导言部分的内容分为三个要点:证人作证豁免制度的基本涵义;其与拒证权制度的联系与区别之处;撰写本文所期达到的目的。第一部分是对证人作证豁免制度的历史与现状解析,以期能从纵横两个角度将该制度作一个完整而详细的介绍。该部分又分为三个层次:第一个层次考察此制度产生的历史时间与发源地。第二个层次以时间为线索重点分析该制度在美国的形成与曲折发展,并对当前美国该制度的基本内容作了详细而全面的介绍。第三个层次考察该制度在当代其他国家的立法与司法状况。第二部分是对证人作证豁免制度的诉讼原理进行分析。该部分是从该制度自身入手,剖析其存在的价值和意义,重在说理。首先分析其与反对强迫自我归罪特权的关联性;其次从价值的冲突与选择的角度分析该制度的价值取向;再次对其存在的正当性从法律和现实的角度进行分析。第三部分是对我国“污点证人豁免”的运行现状分析。是本论文的重点部分之一。本部分运用实证与比较的研究方式,首先就我国实践重“污点证人豁免”的做法作了比较细致的考察,其次将该做法与国外的证人作证豁免制度进行全面的比较,从而在此基础上对我国此种做法的局限性进行分析。第四部分是构建我国证人作证豁免制度的基本建议。与第三部分的内容一起构成本论文的重点部分。该部分立足于本国的国情,从制度建设的必要性、具体制度与程序的设计以及制度保障措施三个角度对我国构建证人作证豁免制度作了框架性的论证。本论文力图在以下几个方面有所创建:首先是对该制度的历史和现状分析比较全面和具体,并且具有个人的考察意见。如笔者认为德国的“豁免做法”并不如其他学者所谈到的是证人作证豁免制度的一种,相反笔者认为其和我国的做法极为相似,其盛衰的轨迹对我国该制度的建设更有启发意义。其次,对我国“污点证人豁免”的做法进行了实证的考察,并在此基础上与国外证人作证豁免制度进行比较,寻找局限,论证比较深刻。如提出我国“豁免”做法的的性质与立法意图、实务操造在困境分析等。再次,对该制度的构建建议比较完整具体,力求适应国情,避免空谈。如证人作证豁免的类型选择、程序适用、制度保障措施等。
The system of immunity of witness is a relatively new subject in currentprocedure law scholars. the scholars rarely talk about it, not to speakof the systematic papers; however, it is common for the needs of thelitigation that the judicial institutions deal with the suspect onimmunity borrowed from the article of surrender ,contributions andextenuatory prosecute rights in criminal law and criminal procedure lawin the judicial practice. the lack of theoretical basis and the systematicconstruction makes the practice in gray belt. the existence of abnormalsystems tend to, not only the ineffectiveness of the systems, but alsothe judicial corruption, even to being the obstruct of the process of thejudicial civilization. Given that the distinction between the lack of thesystem of immunity of witness and the need we do have is obvious, the paperaims to give a broad introduction on the foreign systems, and figure outthe obstruct of operation of the immunity in our judicial practice, whichmay attract the scholars and the practices in order to make a contributionto the built of the system and the empirical research of criminal procedurelaw.This paper comprises the introduction and four parts.The tenors of the introduction are three in number, which are the meaningof the immunity of witness,the homology and distinction between theimmunity of witness and the right of rejection and the purposes of thepaper.The first part is the historic and current analysis of the system of theimmunity of witness. this part comprises three subsections. The firstsubsection deals with the time and the place of the origin of the immunityof witness。The second subsection merely analyses, from the perspectiveof the time, the form and the development of the system in the US andintroduces the contents of it in detail in current US law. the thirdsubsection probes the legislative and judicial situation of it in othercountries.The second part analyzes the litigant principle of the system of theimmunity of witness. From the system itself, it theoretically analyzesthe value and the meaning of it. in the beginning, it deals with therelationship between the system and the privilege against compulsoryself-incrimination; secondly, it deals with the valuable preference ofit, in terms of the conflict and selection of the value; finally, fromthe perspective of the legal and practical point of view, it deals withthe good reason of it.the third part analyzes the practical operation of the immunity of dirtywitness. it is the main body of the paper. this part makes a detailed reviewon the practice of immunity of dirty witness from the empirical andcomparative point of view, and then makes a comparison between thepractice of China and that of the others. finally, it points out the limitof our practice.the forth part is the advices of the immunity of witness in China. it isthe main body of the paper with the former three parts. from the practiceof China, it deals with the necessity of the construction of the system,the design of the contents and the indemnified measures of it, on the issueof the construction of the framework of the system.the paper aims to have some achievements. firstly, it deals with thehistoric and current system of the immunity of witness with the author"sown opinion, for example, the immunity of witness in Germany would ratherbe the system that we thought generally, but the same as Chinese practice,therefore it have an impact on the construction of our system. in addition,it makes a review on the practice of immunity of dirty witness and makesa comparison with that of the others in order to find the limit. for example,it raised the nature and the purpose of the immunity, and the analysisof the jam in practice. finally, it gives practical and concrete adviceson it, for example, the type selection of the immunity of witness, theapplication of the procedure, the indemnified measures etc.
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