论文标题:基于ARM的嵌入式教学系统的研究与开发
The Research and Development of Embedded System Based on ARM for Teaching
论文作者
论文导师 费树岷,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 控制理论与控制工程
论文单位 东南大学,点击次数 77,论文页数 74页File Size1001K
2006-03-05论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_853322357/
Embedded System; ARM; Boot Loader; Linux; Device Driver
嵌入式系统的浪潮席卷全球的同时也影响了产业结构。8位单片机连同它落后的开发方式也会很快被高性能的32位嵌入式处理器、嵌入式操作系统以及它们带来的思想的变革所代替。这种情况决定了大学开设嵌入式系统的课程已是大势所趋,对于这种实践性与理论性同等重要的课程,转变的除了课程内容以外还应该包括实验平台。正是在这种前提下,作者致力于嵌入式教学平台的研究,提出了完整的技术途径和实现方案。 嵌入式教学平台从结构上来看主要分为三个部分:底层的硬件平台,包含Boot Loader的操作系统层,以及最上面的应用层。因此,本文以此为基础展开对各个部分的详细设计: 1.根据嵌入式系统的现状与教学平台的实际需要,提出了以ARM + uClinux基本的系统设计方案;然后根据本专业的实际特点,设计出适应本专业嵌入式教学需要的硬件平台。 2.在硬件平台的基础上,完成了Boot Loader的设计,Boot Loader上电初始化硬件和软件的运行环境,提供了image的多种加载方式,并且提供了诸如下载、调试、内存检查的多种工具。 3.然后完成了uClinux,包括uClinux上典型的Flash文件系统——JFFS2的移植工作,给出了具体的移植技术细节。这部分非常重要,因为设备驱动程序的作用,在其之上的任何代码,都不用关心硬件细节,并且可以在不同的平台上任意移植而不用作任何修改。 4.设备驱动程序在Linux中扮演了特殊的角色。Linux所支持的每一款硬件,一定有人为它编写过驱动程序,否则它就无法在Linux系统下发挥功能。也就是说,没有设备驱动程序,就不会有功能完整的运行系统。因此作者介绍了设备驱动程序的实现原理,并以非常典型的字符设备为例,设计了I2C Master设备的驱动程序。 5.为了让学生对嵌入式系统有一个具体的认识,作者在文章的最后以一个多通道的MP3播放器的开发为例,分析了如何使用已有的平台来开发产品的过程。
When embedded system changes the structure of industry, it also influences people’s conception. 8-bit SCMs (Single-Chip Machine), which have a low working frequency, have a lower rate of development. It is clear that 32-bit Embedded Micro Processors and advanced developing method, which is more important than the former one, will replace the 8-bit’s consequentially. In this case, colleges, especially those who have electrical department, would switch their attention to embedded system. Many colleges, like Tsing Hua University, Zhe Jiang University, have been giving courses on embedded system, and founding laboratories with embedded platform for teaching. Therefore, the author devotes himself to research the platform of embedded system for teaching, and advances integrated scheme and technical details. The platform has 3 parts, which are the bottom hardware platform, the embedded system and the Boot Loader, and the top application layer. Therefore, the author will addresses the full technology and implementation in the research and development of the embedded system for teaching based on the above 3-layer structure: 1. While analyzing the requirement of teaching and the actuality of embedded system, a scheme of the teaching platform based on ARM + uClinux is advanced; then according to the characteristic of automation, the hardware platform designing details is given. 2. Above the hardware platform, the Boot Loader is worked out, which initializes the environment of hardware and software when the system power on, and offers many useful tools for loading images, debugging, checking memory, etc. 3. Then, uClinux with a type of Flash file system--JFFS2, is ported to the platform. The author describes the porting details and addresses how the uClinux works on while the system powered on. It is an important part of embedded system, because of its device drivers, all the codes above it could be ported from one system to another, without any modification. 4. Device drivers take on a special role in the Linux kernel. Any device supported by Linux, is surely having a device driver, or it would not work well in Linux. Therefore, an integrated system is necessarily has device drivers. So, the author introduces how the device drivers works on, and gives an example of designing a typical character device driver—I2C master device. 5. At last, an example of designing a multi-channel MP3 player based on the former platform is given, which will help those who use the platform to understand how does embedded system be developed.
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