论文标题:人文精神与生态意识
The Humanist Spirit and the Ecological Consciousness
论文作者 吴笛
论文导师 陈坚,论文学位 博士,论文专业 中国现当代文学
论文单位 浙江大学,点击次数 118,论文页数 138页File Size5831k
2004-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_86326792/ 意义重构,“五四”新文学,文化审美
reconstruction of meaning,the May 4th new literature,cultural aesthetic explain
本文拟从生态批评的视角来审视中西诗歌中的自然意象，共分四章。 在第一章“中西诗歌自然意象的哲学渊源及其文化内涵”中，对中西诗歌中“自然意象”的哲学意义以及生态学意义进行探究。在哲学渊源方面，从古希腊的水、土、气、火“元素理论”、启蒙主义和浪漫主义诗歌理论的“返回自然”学说，直到新时期的生态批评和激进的后现代主义哲学的自然观，对各个时期与诗歌“自然意象”相关的理论和思潮进行梳理，从而感受哲学思想的发展脉搏，以及感知人类对自然奥秘的探索。在生态学意义的探究方面，认为从中西诗歌中，我们可以感知，诗人一直在不倦地追求自然意象与人类灵魂的契合，以及对非人类的生命形式和物质环境的关注，而且认为东方的天人合一、物我合一等思想无疑对一些诗人的自然观念的形成起了重要作用。 在第二章“‘自然诗人’的哲理探究”中，通过对天文类自然意象、动植物类自然意象等使用方面的考证性的分析研究，来探讨哈代、戴望舒等中西一些代表性的‘自然诗人’所创造的自然意象中体现的作家生命意识等哲理思想以及生态意义上的追求。认为“自然诗人”力图通过动植物等自然意象来探寻人类与自然的血性联系，发掘这些意象的充满神秘的力与美，运用动植物等自然意象的寓意性象征来表现自己的哲学观点，并以动植物世界对立面的相互依存和相互转换来反映真实的人世间的纷争和人类世界的复杂情境。 在第三章“‘自然诗篇’的文本诠释及其艺术价值”中，分析中西“自然诗篇”的艺术成就，并从与中国现代当诗歌发生重要关联的雪莱、歌德等代表性诗人的创作实践出发，从言语结构、比喻体系、声音模式等方面展开，探究中西诗歌中的“自然意象”所起到的审美功能和艺术技巧方面的独特贡献。 在第四部分“中西诗歌自然意象比较及影响研究”中，主要侧重于比较研究和影响研究，对中西诗歌中的月亮意象及其意象理论等进行比较研究，探究出不同的民族审美个性和文化传统以及丰富深邃的主题及其个性内涵和个人象征。并关注中西方诗歌的相互之间的多维影响，探讨“自然诗人”惠特曼以及注重自然意象的西方意象主义诗歌所接受的中国文化的影响和对中国现当代诗歌所发生的影响，认识这一影响在语言以及思想意识等方面对中国文化从古典到现代的转型上所起的媒介角色。反思 该研究力图打破人类中心主义思想的局限，反思人文精神，呼唤与生态意识，通过对中西诗歌作品中的自然意象的考察，旨在引起人们在诗歌的审美愉悦之外关注生态意识的形成，使之成为文学批评中的一个要素，对人们的道德情感产生潜移默化的熏陶和影响。
This dissertation seeks to survey the natural imagery of Chinese and Western poetry from the viewpoint of ecocriticism, and it is divided into four chapters.In the first chapter, the author tries to probe into the philosophical and ecological connotation of the natural imagery in Chinese and Western poetry. In the aspect of the philosophical resources, by studying the theory of natural imagery of the different periods, we can feel the pulse of the development of the philosophy and the trends of ideas, and apperceive the seeking of the man for the mysteries of nature, from the ancient Greek theory of "Four Elements", the "Return to Nature" doctrine of the Enlightenment and the nature philosophy of Romanticism, to the Jacobinical postmodern viewpoint of nature.And in the aspect of ecocritical exploration, we can feel that the poets pursue unfailingly the correspondence of natural imagery with the human being, and pay a great attention to unhuman forms of lives and the substantial environment. And the author also considers that such Eastern idea as oneness of Heaven and Man doubtlessly plays an important role for some poets to form their ecological concept of nature.The aim of the second chapter "the philosophical exploration into the "poets of nature"" is to discuss the writers" life consciousness and the ecological request, embodied in the natural imagery created by some representatives of the nature poets such as Thomas Hardy and Dai Wangshu through the textual analyzing of the images of chronometer, propagation and so on. The author considers that the "poets of nature" strive to seek the blood relation of the human being with the nature through the images of propagation, and to find the mysterious strength and beauty from these images. And, the "poets of nature" try hard to express their own philosophical ideas and the complicated condition of the human world, using the moral symbols of the animal and vegetable images, and describing the mutual dependence and conversion.In the third chapter, by analyzing the artistic characteristics of Chinese and Western poetry and such factors as the texture structure, the system of metaphor, the mode of sound in the lyrical poems of nature by Shelley, Goethe, the author of the dissertation tries to research into the contribution of the nature poems in the aspect of the aesthetic function and artistic technique.And the fourth chapter is focused on the comparative study and influence of the natural imagery in Chinese and Western poetry. In the comparison of the imagery theory and of such images as moon in Chinese and Western poetry, the aim of this chapter is to explore the aesthetic personality and the cultural tradition of the different nations, and to study the profound themes and the individual intention and the personal symbolization. And this chapter also includes the multiple interrelations of Chinese poetry and Western poetry, and it is focused on influence of the Chinese traditional culture on the nature poet such as Walt Whitman and the Imagist poets, and on the contrary, the influence of theirs on modern and contemporary Chinese Poetry. It is important to say that such kind of multiple interrelation play an intermedium role for Chinese culture in the transformation from the classical one to the modern stage.This study tries to break the limit of the anthropocentralist viewpoint, and to set up a dialectical relationship between the humanist spirit and the ecological consciousness. By the investigation of the natural imagery, the aim of the study is to arouse poetry reader"s feeling of the ecological consciousness, beside the aesthetic joviality, and to make this consciousness into the basic factor of the literary criticism, exerting a subtle influence on the morals and sensibilities of human beings.
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