论文标题:转型期中国农村合作金融问题研究
Research on the Cooperative Finance in Rural Areas of China During the Transition
论文作者 丁伟国
论文导师 佟光霁,论文学位 博士,论文专业 林业经济管理
论文单位 东北林业大学,点击次数 64,论文页数 150页File Size11611k
2005-03-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_87135957/ 经济转型;农村;合作金融;制度安排
economy transform ; countryside ; cooperative finance;system arranged
农村金融问题与合作金融发展问题一直是国内外经济理论界和实务界非常关注的热点,尤其是两个相关联的问题交织缠绕在一起时,更成为世界关注的难题。处于我国经济结构转型、体制转轨、历史和现实矛盾复杂突出的背景之下,本研究从农村合作金融发展的经济学基础入手,系统分析我国合作金融发生实质性“异化”的深层次原因,提出我国农村合作金融重建的制度安排。 首先,本文对合作及合作金融的有关概念加以明确,并着重对合作制及合作金融所体现的深层次的条件、背景、制度和原则加以表述,确定农村信用合作社为农村金融组织的主要形式,以此为基础为以后的研究做出规范和界定。合作金融组织虽在世界范围内广为发展,理论研究却并不充分。本文试图通过对农村合作金融发展的经济学基础的探析,以规范研究的方式探讨农信社产生的历史根源,寻求在中国农村体制转轨过程中具有效率选择的比较优势。 其次,本文主要对我国及国际农村合作金融进行详细介绍和比较分析,包括演变、现状、组织形式、结构体系等。通过比较分析的方法、实证分析的方法、定量分析的方法得出农村合作金融制度与功能的缺陷的结论。重点针对合作金融目前面临的问题与挑战进行模型化研究,指出我国农村合作金融异化与错位的现实,并通过对产生此情况的深层次原因的分析推导出合作金融变革的必然性与重要性。在国内,本文以原创“结构-功能互换”假说提出农村信用合作社在农村金融链条的重新定位和业务重建的理论思路,理论上具有创新性,实践上具有较强的可操作性。 最后,本文就我国转型时期的农村经济和金融体制,分析现行农村合作金融发展模式,提出可供选择的三种理论模式:规范化的信用合作制模式、一级法人制的合作银行模式、分散化的商业银行模式。本文将重心放在了对相关问题的解决办法探讨上,针对我国经济转轨,面对全球化的冲击,提出了我国农村合作金融的改革思路与业务转型建议。 上述研究成果,是在我国正处国于体制转轨阶段、市场体系亟待发育完善、农村合作金融改革陷入僵局的背景下取得的。其研究方法和主要成果,对于完善合作金融理论体系、推动转型经济研究具有较高的学术价值;对于推动农村金融改革具有较强的实践意义。
With the developing of Chinese banking system reform, state-owned commercial bank and other financial institutes has set up more and more regulation and structure in its modern management and operation. It is well known that more and more people needs modern banking services the same as the other parts of the population includes farmers, urban proletariat and other poor people which commercial financial institutes can not afford by its profit-taking essential. However, modern commercial finance is also unable to provide service for them. So, cooperative institution, which are mutually owned and managed by the poor, are set up to meet their needs.Different with other developed countries, Chinese cooperative institutions has its own characteristic, in fact, we call it is "dissimilation". Based on Marxism and New Institutional Economics, this paper uses some results of proceeding positive research to render a theoretical analysis of modern cooperative financial system.The main points of view of this paper are as following:In China, there is a lot of dissimilation within Chinese cooperative financial organization, include structure, management, operation and development.Traditional cooperative credit institution has three institutional features as following: the identify of the cooperator"s economic resources, cooperators being endowed with equal right in management, and cooperators evenly taking profits. But in Chinese institutions, the main points both change after practicing management.In this early stage, cooperative financial institutions were tabbed as "combination of men" while commercial banks as "combination of capital" because of their different capital structure. However, in the course of the development and driven by competition, cooperative institutions have got increasingly awareness of the capital"s importance. The cooperative institutions and banks willingly take various measures to enlarge their capital size in modern time. The cooperative bank"s capital structue can be defined and classified in reference to the Basel Accord.In Chinese economic system reform recently, there are many problem need to solved at once about rural financial institutions. Many cooperative institutions have not set up as a "cooperative" structure by government and banking controller. This "dissimilation" will be discoved in every perts of institutions at present. While the basic principles are the same for nations, the organizational structure of cooperative finance in each country has different characteristics derived from its unique regime, state situation and its popular viewpoints of cooperative finance. So we must find good and right way to solve the problem about it.Due to its attributes, objects of the cooperative financial institution are multiply. Chinese cooperative institutes act as "double-way" characterestic in national financial system. But ultimately and reasonsably, their objective can not be other than the maximum of the benefitsof their cooperators. In order to realize its aim, cooperation must form an effectual mechanism for controlling and management.Risk-prevent system in Chinese cooperative financial institutions has not set wholly and cause to more profits losing in its operation. Cooperative institutions and commercial banks are two subsystems in the system of modern saving institutions. Their co-existence implicates that each one has its specific advantages in certain fields, but what are their respective advantages? And why do they possess them? We can apply the method of transaction cost analysis and other economic study to answer the question.Scale economics and scope economics are important factors concerning the efficiency of cooperative financial institutions. While the theory of scale of economy answers the question"how big is the best", the theory of scope economics answers"Nvhat is the best to do". Western scholars have made comprehensive analysis on these two questions, the established conclusion is that there exists scale of economy for cooperative financial institutions on the whole, but in cer
|
