论文标题:重庆市城市贫困家庭的现状分析与社会救助研究
Study on Social Salvation and Actualities of Urban Poor Families in Chongqing
论文作者
论文导师 赵有声,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 行政管理
论文单位 重庆大学,点击次数 48,论文页数 76页File Size991K
2006-04-20论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_877326322/
Urban Poor Families; Social Salvation
20世纪80年代以后,随着改革开放的进一步深入发展,城市贫困问题逐渐凸现并引起政府、学术界及社会的普遍关注。重庆市不仅是新兴的、西部唯一的直辖市,也是一座老工业城市。伴随着经济体制改革、产业结构调整与社会结构转型,重庆市产生了大量的下岗失业人员及“农转非”人员。城市贫困问题成为影响重庆市建设长江上游经济中心的重要阻滞因素,也是不容回避的严峻的社会现实问题。 本文在借鉴与吸收国内外专家学者关于城市贫困产生原因与应对措施的研究成果的基础上,通过问卷调查法与深度访谈法,以城市贫困家庭为对象,从家户规模、年龄结构、文化程度、从业特征、收入来源与消费支出六个方面对城市贫困家庭的现状进行全面细致地分析,从宏观与微观两方面来深入探讨城市贫困产生的原因,并且指出贫困家庭在摆脱贫困过程中面临的主要困难以及正式和非正式的社会支持与保护网络的缺失问题。继而,在分析中国传统社会救济制度改革历程的基础上,结合重庆市城市贫困问题的现实情况,深入探讨了重庆市城市贫困救助工作取得的成绩与存在的主要不足。包括:低保标准偏低;低保对象审核困难;救助工作人员数量少,专业化程度不高;“低保依赖”现象出现;缺乏对贫困者自助意识的引导及自助能力的开发;城市贫困救助的配套措施存在缺陷。 本文在上述分析的基础上提出了完善重庆市城市贫困救助体系的总体目标与具体的对策建议。指出:完善城市贫困救助体系,就是在保证城市贫困者基本生活水平的基础上,充分尊重救助对象的人格,努力培养救助对象自我救助的意识与能力,以逐渐地消除贫困现象,维持国家、社会的安定与团结,促进经济的发展与社会的进步。同时,可以通过建立低保标准适时调整机制、低保对象有效甄别机制、城市贫困救助配套制度的监督机制、救助工作的职业化发展机制、贫困家庭的分类救助机制、再就业引导与激励机制以及社会舆论良性导向机制等来完善城市贫困救助体系。
Since 1980s, urban poor problem gradually appears along with the ulterior in-depth development of reform and opening-up in China. And it arises government, academia and people’s prevalent attention. Chongqing is not only a new, exclusive municipality directly under the Central Government in the west of China, and also an old industrial city. There are a lot of laid-offs, unemployed men. Urban poor problem has turned into important retardarce factor of Chongqing economic development, and has been a austere social problem not to be ignored. This paper absorbs and draws lessons from investigative conclusions about reasons and resolvents of urban poor problem from overseas and domestic experts and scholars. It takes the urban poor families as investigative objects, analyzes the realities of poor families roundly and meticulously from number, age, cultural level, profession, income and consumption of family members with the way of surveys and embedded interviews. And it analyses the reasons of city poverty population forming from macroscopic background and microscopic factor. Then, it puts forward the main difficulties when poor families get rid of poverty and problems of formal and informal social support and safeguard network. Moreover, this article explores the main achievements and deficiencies of city poverty salvation in Chongqing. These deficiencies contain that the minimum living security standard is low; examination of minimum living security people is not high efficient; people for salvation are not enough, and not professional;“welfare dependence”gradually appears; salvation cannot help poor people bring self-salvation consciousness into being and empolder self-salvation capabilities; auxiliary measures of city poverty salvation have some shortages. This paper proposes the overall target of consummating city poor salvation in Chongqing and exercisable countermeasures. The article indicates that for the sake of consummating city poor salvation, we should ensure urban poor people’s basic living standard at first, esteem their personality adequately, help them exert their self-salvation consciousness and capabilities, so that solve poverty piece by piece, keep a stable and united country, and promote the development of economy and society. At the same time, we should establish timely adjustment mechanism of minimum living security standard; effective examination mechanism of minimum living security people; supervised mechanism of auxiliary measures of city poverty salvation; professional development
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