论文标题:宋代乡村富户社会心态探究
The Investigation of the Psychosocial Attitudes of the Rich Country Families in the Song Dynasty
论文作者
论文导师 谷更有,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 中国古代史
论文单位 河北师范大学,点击次数 666,论文页数 52页File Size3293K
2007-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_896402/
the Song Dynasty;;the rich country families;; the psychosocial attitudes
赵宋王朝建立以来,随着各种新政策的实施以及经济的发展,各种力量在分化组合,社会的发展为乡村富户的成长提供了条件。土地兼并盛行、人口增加和商业发达是宋代经济发展的三个基本趋势,这些趋势加剧了乡村财富的日益集中,乡村的贫富差距进一步拉大。在这样的背景下,乡村富户的发展呈现出许多新特点,在社会心态上的变化则更加突出,产生了许多新趋向。他们的逐利意识、求贵意识、个体取向逐渐增强,从封闭走向开放,从情感走向理性。 本文分为两大部分进行探讨。 第一部分:对宋代乡村富户进行界定。乡村富户与富豪不同,乡村富户主要靠努力经营致富,富豪凭借权势发家。乡村富户与富民也有所区别,乡村富户以“五等户”中的第一、二等户为主。他们的身份属于“民户”,具有大量兼并土地和以经营土地为生等方面的特征。 第二部分:着重论述宋代乡村富户的社会心态。逐利轻义、求贵、积极淑世是宋代乡村富户的典型社会心态,这几种心态带有明显的矛盾性和地域性。但乡村富户们积极淑世的社会心态使他们在经济上担负了较大的责任,在参与赈灾救济、维持农村经济稳定中起了重要作用。另外,他们社会心态上的南北差别,不仅影响了当时的社会发展,也对后世的经济发展和人们的社会心态产生了深远的影响。 宋代乡村富户的社会心态不是孤立存在的,而是各种社会心态相互交织,正是在各种社会心态的暗合与冲突中,乡村富户对社会的作用日渐突出。
Since the Song Dynasty, along with the development of the economy and the implementation of various new policies, various forces had been dividing and combining, which had provided all kinds of conditions for the growth of the country rich families. The land annexation was widely accepted, the population had been increasing and the business was flourishing, which were three basic trends of the economic development in the Song Dynasty, which had made the country wealth concentrated increasingly, so the gap between the rich and the poor had been further enlarged. Under such the background, the development of the rich country families presented many new characteristics, especially in the variety of psychosocial attitudes. The consciousness of their pursuing benefit and trying to be noble, the individual ideals strengthened gradually, which had made them from the closed mind to the open mind and from the emotion to the reasonableness. According to the above, this thesis consists of two parts. Part one: Define the rich country families of the Song Dynasty, the rich country families were different from the powerful persons, the rich country families mainly depended on diligence, who were different from the rich people, the rich country families belonged to the first and second grade doors of all the country doors. The rich country families belonged to people"s doors in the identity, who annexed a great deal of land and made a living by managing land, etc. Part two: Emphasize the psychosocial attitudes of the rich country families in the Song Dynasty. They had all kinds of psychosocial attitudes such as begging benefit in spite of justice, pursuing to be noble and taking active part in the social activities etc., which had the characters of the antinomy and the region. This aggressive psychosocial attitude made the rich country families undertake bigger responsibility on the economy and have an important function in participating the contribution and keeping the village economy stable. Moreover, the psychosocial differences between the south and the north had influenced not only the social development then but also the economic development and people"s social minds in the future. The psychosocial attitudes of the rich country families in the Song Dynasty weren"t existent singly, but various psychosocial attitudes were coexistent. With the darkly match and the conflict of various psychosocial attitudes, the rich country families" function was gradually outstanding in the society.
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