论文标题:刈割时间对不同苜蓿品种再生生长特性及产草量的影响
Effect of the Cutting Time on the Regeneration Characteristics and Yield of the Different Varieties of Alfalfa
论文作者
论文导师 魏臻武,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 草业科学
论文单位 甘肃农业大学,点击次数 83,论文页数 54页File Size684K
2006-05-25论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_903763467/
Alfalfa; Cutting time; Regrowth characteristics; Yield; Cluster analysis
通过对40个来自南澳、北美和欧洲的不同苜蓿品种(系)的生长发育特性及产量性状进行研究,对不同苜蓿品种(系)的刈割高度及产量性状进行聚类分析,评价不同苜蓿品种(系)在同一地区的适应能力,重点评价其生产性能,筛选出适应于该地区生长的高产、再生性能好的苜蓿品种(系)。试验小区设在甘肃农业大学,不同苜蓿品种的生长速度不同,一些返青较早的苜蓿品种全年可刈割四次,每次刈割时测定小区的产量及平均植株高度,在秋季苜蓿停止生长前测定植株高度。不同苜蓿品种的生长高度、刈割高度、产草量是明显不同的,结果表明: 1. 40个苜蓿品种(系)中,1龄苜蓿品种(系)Alize、SA35056、Salado、SA10077等材料再生速度较快,尤其是Alize和SA10077两个品种(系)第一次刈割时植株高度最低,但在二茬、三茬植株高度较高;SA16465再生速度相对比较稳定。2龄苜蓿品种(系)SA35054、Salado再生速度比较快,也比较稳定,各次植株刈割高度均较高。L286再生较差,虽然第一次刈割高度较高,但在随后两茬中表现一般。3龄苜蓿品种(系)SA16465再生速度比较快,三次刈割植株高度均较高;参试材料Alize一茬、二茬刈割时植株高度较低,但第三次刈割明显较高,说明其再生性较好。 2. 40个不同苜蓿品种(系)中,Salado、Sceptre、L183、L34等苜蓿品种(系)连续3年表现出较高的秋眠高度,QS-2、SU1414、巨人201+2、牧歌401+2、阿尔岗金、PL54Q53等苜蓿品种(系)秋眠高度较低。 3.极早期刈割处理(提前25天刈割)对苜蓿的再生性影响较大,早期刈割处理后,株高、分枝数与苜蓿的生物量积累状况呈正相关;侧枝数、节间数、叶片数与苜蓿的生物量积累状况呈负相关。极早期刈割会降低苜蓿干物质量;提前20天刈割,苜蓿节间数后期增长较快。极早期刈割对苜蓿的再生草产量影响较大,苜蓿产草量比适时刈割降低57.1%,植株再生速度缓慢,再生高度明显低于其他处理。 4.对于产量性状,L37表现极佳,其植株再生速度快,且各龄日增高均明显高于其他品种。L286、L37等品种具很好的再生性,应通过加强栽培管理,提高其再生能力,以保持其高产特性。
This study was conducted to assess growth characteristics and yield characteristics of 40 lines of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with different origins from South Australia, North America and Europe.To evaluate the adaptation of the different varieties in the same place, select the best varieties of alfalfa with high yield and good regrowth characteristics based on the cluster analysis of cutting height and fall height of the different varieties. The trial plots including 40 cultivars were established in Gansu Agricultural University. The growth speed, regeneration capacity as well as field yield were tested. Different materials gave different growth speed, those greened up earlier and grow quickly could achieve 4 times of cutting all the year round. The plant height were measured when cutting, average height were also tested before plant cease to prow in winter. The results showed that there were significant differences in growth height, cutting height and fresh yield among different varieties. Among the 40 lines of Alfalfa, Alize、SA35056、Salado、SA10077 grow fast in the first year, especially Alize and SA10077 their plant height were low in the first cutting, high in the second cutting and the third cutting. The growth rate of SA16465 was stable.In the second year, SA35054、Salado grew fast and stable. The regrowth height of L286 was lower, the first cutting height was high but low in other cutting time. In the third year, SA1646 grew fast, the plant height was high in each cutting. The plant height of Alize was low in the first cutting and the second cutting, but in the third cutting the plant height is high. The effect of the earliest cutting on regrowth of alfalfa was obvious. After cutting process, there were significant correlations between yield and plant height, shoot numbers; the correlations between yield and leaf number, branch number, internodes number was not obvious. The dry matter decreased in the earliest cutting process; the cutting process ahead 20 days, the internodes number rose quikly in back growing period. There were obvious differences on yield, the yield discreased 57.1%, in compare with 1/10 flowering period, the growth rate was slow, the regrowth height was lower than other process.
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