论文标题:我国有效需求不足的现状、原因及对策研究
Research on Situations Reasons and Measures of Lack of Effective Demand in Our Country
论文作者 何光明
论文导师 祝志勇,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育
论文单位 西南师范大学,点击次数 37,论文页数 46页File Size2819k
2005-04-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_909914637/ 有效需求;政府干预;结构调整;消费预期
effective demand; government interfere; adjustment of structure; Consumption expectation
无论是斯密用“看不见的手”还是萨伊用“供给创造需求”论证“市场运转带有自足性,所以政府等外力干预有百害而无一利”,这一论断均因为1929年—1933年资本主义世界经济危机的爆发而无法解释,尔后市场经济运行中的周期性、经济危机的现实更是对市场具有自足性的极大讽刺。有效需求理论的应运而生,一度成为西方市场经济国家克服经济衰退和制定宏观经济政策的理论基础,作为有效需求理论的集大成者凯恩斯被视为对当代西方经济学理论的最大贡献者。凯恩斯解决有效需求不足的办法是加强政府干预,实行赤字财政和扩张性货币政策来刺激消费,增加投资,从而实现充分就业。目前,我国经济同样遇到了有效需求不足的难题,尽管其产生的原因与凯恩斯所阐述的有着根本的不同,但危害却是相同的。针对目前我国有效需求不足的现状,找出我国有效需求不足的真正原因,对症下药,是我们的当务之急。笔者认为,应采取以下措施扩大我国的有效需求:1、加快产业结构调整,积极开拓农村市场。2、理顺收入分配关系,提高城乡居民特别是中低收入群体的收入。3、改善企业投资环境,不断增强企业的投资能力和积极性。4、稳妥发展消费信贷,培育新的经济增长点。5、进一步完善社会保障制度,稳定消费者预期。
The theory "Market operation is self-sufficient, So the outside power such as government does no good except for harm." Was expounded by Adam smith"s "invisible hand" and Say"s "supplies create demands". But it isn"t explicable because of the breaking out of capitalist world economic crises from 1929 to 1993. Then the fact, cyclical economic crises in market economy operation, is a bitter irony to the theory "Market is self-sufficient. The theory" effective demand" has ever been the theoretical basis of western countries" overcoming economic degradation and formulating macroeconomic policy. John Maynard Keynes who epitomized the thought of the school is regarded as the contributory of modern western economics theories. Keynes"s way to solve lack of effective demand is to strengthen government interfere, to stimulate consumption and increase investment by financial deficit and expansionary monetary policy. Presently, our country"s economy also meets with the same problem of lack of effective demand. Although its reason is fundamentally different from what Keynes analyzer, it also do harm. In view of the situation of lack of effective demand in our country, it is the most important to find out the real reason and its solution. The writer be taken to enlarge effective demand in our country.*Speed up adjustment of industrial structure, and open op the rural market energetically.* Bring into better balance the relations balance the relations between income distribution, improve the incomes of rural inhabitant, and urban inhabitants, especially the group whose incomes is low or medium.* Improve investment conditions of enterprises and increase enterprises" ability to invest and their enthusiasm.* Develop energetically consumption credit, and breed new economic increasing point. *Further perfect social safeguard system, and guide consumer"s expectation.
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