论文标题:中国长翅目昆虫系统分类研究
Systematics of Mecoptera from China
论文作者
论文导师 花保祯,论文学位 博士,论文专业 农业昆虫与害虫防治
论文单位 西北农林科技大学,点击次数 135,论文页数 233页File Size4268k
2005-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_973958057/
Mecoptera; Taxonomy; Phylogeny; Biogeography; China
本文应用常规分类方法研究了中国长翅目Mecoptera 昆虫的分类,并重新划分了种团;采用支序分类方法,应用Hennig86(Version1.5),研究了中国蝎蛉科Panorpidae 蝎蛉属Panorpa 和新蝎蛉属Neopanorpa 系统发育关系;利用生物地理学的离散理论,分析了中国蝎蛉科昆虫的分布格局。在中国已有分布的长翅目3 科(蝎蛉科Panorpidae、蚊蝎蛉科Bittacidae 和拟蝎蛉科Panorpodidae)207种的基础上,发现并记述34新种(其中王屋山蝎蛉P.wangwushana、暗蚊蝎蛉B. obscurus、浅黄蚊蝎蛉B.flavidus、长突蚊蝎蛉B. longiprocessus 和四边蚊蝎蛉B.trapezoideus 等5 种已另文发表),2 新记录种,确认2 个新同物异名,3 个新异物同名,并划分了16 个种团。至此,中国长翅目Mecoptera 种类增加至241 种。发现的新种包括:具刺蚊蝎蛉B. echinatus,净翅蚊蝎蛉B.puripennis,缠绕蚊蝎蛉B. implicatus,变蝎蛉P. variabilis,中华蝎蛉P.sinensis,小蝎蛉P.minuta,华美蝎蛉P.elagans,三角蝎蛉P.triangulata,拜耳斯蝎蛉P. byersi,指形蝎蛉P.digitiformis,半圆蝎蛉P.semiorbiculata,短细蝎蛉P. brevigracilis,枝状刺蝎蛉P.ramispina,分叉蝎蛉P. furcata,线状蝎蛉P.sericata,无刺蝎蛉P. nonspinata,直立蝎蛉P. erecta,无柄蝎蛉P. estipitata,多斑蝎蛉P. maculosa,黄色蝎蛉P. flava,褶皱蝎蛉P. plicata,卵形蝎蛉P.ovalis,三角新蝎蛉N. triangulata,粗新蝎蛉N.robusta,小棒新蝎蛉N.clavulata,双瓣新蝎蛉N.dipetala,无斑新蝎蛉N.immaculata,弯折新蝎蛉N.inflexua,污暗新蝎蛉N. sordida,spp.nov.。尖齿新蝎蛉N. cuspidata Byers,1965,尼尔新蝎蛉Neopanorpa nielseni Byers, 1965, rec. n. 为中国新记录种。六翅蝎蛉终南山亚种P.sexspinosa zhongnanensis Chou & Ran,1981 (syn. of Panorpa sexspinosa Cheng,1947) ;九龙新蝎蛉N.jiulongensis Zhou, 1993 (syn. of N. ophthalmica Navas, 1911) syn.n. 为新同物异名。发现了3个异物同名,并拟了新名:长白山蝎蛉P. changbaishana(=Panorpa choui Hua, 1998, preoccupied by Panorpa choui Zhou, 1993);花氏蝎蛉P. huai(=Panorpa acuta Issiki & Cheng, 1947, preoccupied by Carpenter, 1931) ;东方新蝎蛉N. orientalis (=Neopanorpa magna Chou & Wang, 1988, preoccupied by Neopanorpa magna Issiki, 1927) nom.nov.。蝎蛉属Panorpa 重新划分为10 个种团:长瓣蝎蛉种团longihypovalva-group、沃曼
The study mainly deals with the taxonomy of the Mecoptera from China, and phylogenic analysis and biogeography of Panorpidae. Two hundred and forty-one species belong to 3 families, Panorpidae, Panorpodidae, Bittacidae, known in China are diagnosed, of which 34 species( including 5 species P. wangwushana published in 2004, B. obscurus, B. flavidus, B. longiprocessus, B. trapezoideus published in 2005) are new to science and 2 new to China, 2 new synonyms, 3 new honomyms and 16 species-group are proposed. The new species include: B.echinatus, B. puripennis, B.implicatus, P. variabilis, P. sinensis, P. minuta, P. elagans, P. triangulata, P.byersi,P.digitiformis,P. semiorbiculata,P.brevigracilis, P. ramispina, P. furcata,P. sericata,P. nonspinata, P. erecta, P.estipitata,P. maculosa,P.flava, P. plicata, P. ovalis,N.triangulata,N.robusta,N.clavulata,N.dipetala,N. immaculata,N. inflexua,N. sordida, spp.n.. The new record species to China are: N. cuspidata Byers, 1965; N. nielseni Byers, 1965 n.rec.。N. jiulongensis Zhou, 1993 (synonym of N. ophthalmica Navas, 1911);P.sexspinosa zhongnanensis Chou & Ran(synonym of Panorpa sexspinosa Cheng,1947) are new synomyms. Three new homonyms are found and renamed new names as follows: N. orientalis (=N. magna Chou & Wang, 1988, preoccupied by N. magna Issiki, 1927);P. changbaishana(=P. choui Hua, 1998, preoccupied by P. choui Zhou, 1993);P. huai(=P. acuta Issiki & Cheng, 1947, preoccupied by P. acuta Carpenter, 1931) nom.nov.。The Chinese species of the genus Panorpa may be divided into 10 species-group, i.e. longihypovalva-group, wormaldi-group, japonica-group, macrostyla-group, gressitti-group, communis-group, tincta-group, deceptor-group, cornigera-group and diceras-group; and the genus Neopanorpa into 6 species groups, viz. brisi-group, orientalis-group, brevivalvae-group, k-maculata-group, magna-group and jigongshanensis-group。The results of phylogenic analysis show that 1) the relationship between longihypovalva -group and outgroup is closed. 2)longihypovalva-group, wormaldi-group and japonica-group of Panorpa form the most primitive species-groups. 3) except longihypovalva-group, wormaldi-group and japonica-group of Panorpa, the other species-groups of Panorpa and all species-groups of Neopanorpa are divided into two group, ie, one contains the other species-groups of Panorpa: diceras-group, cornigera-group, tincta-group, macrostyla-group, gressitti-group, communis-group and deceptor-group, the other consists of all species-groups of Neopanorpa: magna-group, jigongshanensis-group, brevivalvae-group, k-maculata-group, brisi-group and orientalis-group. 4) the main courses of evolution can be seen: the one is the increase in the length of the seventh and eighth abdominal segments; the second is the modification of the sixth and the narrow of the basal parts of the seventh and eighth abdominal segments; the third is the increase in the length of the posterior process of the abdominal third tergum; the fourth is Sc2 of forewing arising from R1 or Sc1; the sixth is a peculiar specialization take place in the aedeagus. The geographic distribution of the Chinese Panorpidae include some species of relatively recent origin and others in the remote geological past. The genus Panorpa is widely distributed in China, and the genus Neopanorpa distributed in the south of Qinling mountains, but only a few species has two or more geographical areas. Hypothesis about northeast of China as a center of preservation, or refuge and as a center of subsequent dispersal of Chinese Mecoptera are proposed. The specimens observed are deposited respectively in the following institutes: Northwest A&F University(NWSUAF), Institute of Zoology, Academic Sinaca (IZAS), China Agriculture University (CAU), Nankai University(NKU), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Tianjin Natural History Museum(TNHM), Henan Agriculture University (HAU), Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(HAAS),Sun Yat-Sen University(SYSU), Shenyang University(SYU)and Gansu Baishuijiang Nature Reserve(GBNR).
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