论文标题:船舶油污损害赔偿法律问题研究
Study on the Technolgy and Theory of the Hydrometallurgy of Zinc and Indium Without Iron Residuse from a Guangxi Dachang"s In-Zn Concentrate
论文作者 谈杰
论文导师 侯军,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 国际法学
论文单位 上海海事大学,点击次数 107,论文页数 78页File Size3639k
2003-12-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_983709727/ 船舶; 油污损害; 赔偿; 责任
ship, oil pollution, compensation, liability
石油是海洋环境中最大的污染物质，而在海洋油类污染中，船舶油污所占的比例最大。船舶油污损害的后果非常严重，对生态环境和人类的经济活动造成了多方面的影响。随着我国经济的发展，石油进口量的逐年增加以及海上运输石油活动的日益频繁，船舶油污损害也成为我国必须面对的一个重大课题。然而，我国的船舶油污损害赔偿相关法律制度尚不完备。在我国加强对油污损害赔偿相关法律问题的研究，具有非常总要的现实意义。 本文通过对国际公约和先进国家的国内立法的比较，对船舶油污损害赔偿法律制度进行了概述，分析了船舶油污损害赔偿责任的性质、责任原则和我国船舶油污损害赔偿制度应当注意的一些问题。同时，本文阐述了我国船舶油污损害赔偿立法现状和船舶油污损害现状，并在调查统计的基础上，对我国船舶油污损害赔偿现状和特点进行分析，提出其存在的一些问题。 本文对由油污损害民事责任公约和基金公约为框架构成的国际油污损害赔偿法律制度及其最新立法发展进行研究，同时还介绍了燃油污染损害民事责任公约，并考察了美国、加拿大的船舶油污损害法律制度，在此基础之上总结了船舶油污国际立法的特点和发展趋势。本文还介绍了有关国际公约主要国内立法下，船舶油污损害赔偿的范围。重点结合IOPC Fund的规定和索赔实践以及我国司法实践中认可的油污损害赔偿范围，讨论了我国建立船舶油污损害赔偿法律制度时应当规定的赔偿范围。本文还从建立我国船舶油污损害赔偿基金、建立船舶油污损害强制保险(财务保证)等方面，提出了完善我国船舶油污损害赔偿制度的设想，并就此提出了相关立法建议，以期对我国有关立法部门和政府决策部门有一定的参考作用，能够更有效的保护海洋环境的合理开发利用，保护船舶油污受害人的合法权益。
Petroleum is the biggest pollution substance in the sea environment, and ship oil pollution holds the most proportion of the oily pollution in the sea. The result of ship oil pollution is very serious, which brought many bad effects to the entironment and human"s economic activities. With the development of our country"s economy, annual increase of import petroleum and the daily frequency of the activities of oil transportation at sea, the damage of ship oil pollution has become a great problem that our country has to face. Nevertheless, relevant legal system regarding damage compensation of vessels" oil pollution of our country is still not integrated. In this regard, strengthen the researches of relevant legal problem regarding damage compensation of oil pollution in our country has very important practical significance.By comparison of the international conventions and advanced countries" internal legislation, this thesis summarized the legal system regarding damage compensation of ship oil pollution and analyzed the character, liability principle of the liability of damage compensation of ship oil pollution as well as some problems that should be paid attention to during our country"s legislation of damage compensation of ship oil pollution. Meanwhile, this thesis expounded the ship oil pollution legislation status and oil pollution status of our country. This thesis also analyzed the characteristics and the status of our country"s damage compensation of ship oil pollution and brought out some problems therein on the basis of investigation.This thesis researched into the international legal system of oil damage compensation, which was constituted by civil liability convention and fund convention, and their latest legislation development. In the same time, this thesis introduced the civil liability convention of fuel pollution and studied the compensation legal system of ship oilpollution in USA and Canada. Based on the aforesaid, this thesis summarized the characteristics and development trend of international legislation of oil pollution compensation. This thesis further expounded the scope of damage compensation regarding ship oil pollution under different regime of international conventions and different country"s legal system. By combing to the regulations of IOPC Fund and its practice in handling claims as well as the scope of oil pollution compensation accepted in our legal practice, this thesis discussed the scope that should be included in our country"s legislation.This thesis also provided some ideas of improving our country"s legal system of ship oil pollution compensation and the advices for legislation of the same from the aspects of establishing compensation fund and compulsory insurance (financial guarantee) etc., by which the writer hope to provide some reference for our relevant government of legislation and decision-making and further protect the reasonable exploitation and utilization of marine environment as well as protect the legal rights of the victims ship oil pollution.
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