论文标题:赣中红壤区栀子产业可持续发展研究
Studies on Sustainable Development of the Cape Jasmine Industry in Red Earth Region in Jiangxi
论文作者 孙文达
论文导师 贺浩华,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 农业推广
论文单位 南京农业大学,点击次数 149,论文页数 52页File Size3810k
2004-10-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_989257/ 栀子产业;赣中红壤;生态经济;可持续发展
the industry of Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis; red earth in the middle of Jiangxi;ecological economy;sustainable development
我国是目前世界上水土流失最为严重的国家之一，南方红黄壤区是仅次于黄土高原的严重流失区，长期以来由于人为不合理利用和气候异常的自然因素，水土流失又有了新的发展。农村经济的高速发展，在极大提高人们生活水平和生活质量的同时，也付出了高昂的生态、环境和资源代价。如生产高耗低效、水土流失严重、耕地面积减少、荒漠化愈演愈烈、污染日益加重、自然灾害更加频繁、生物多样性严重破坏等等，使未来农业发展面临多重危机。党的十六大提出了全面建设小康社会的宏伟蓝图，强调必须把可持续发展放在十分突出的地位，进一步加大生态建设和保护的力度。江西省委、省政府提出“三个基地，一个后花园”的经济发展战略，强调“既要金山银山，更要绿水青山。”、“只有保护好绿水青山，才会有更多的金山银山。”要求做到经济发展与生态建设同步，实现经济的可持续发展。 红壤是江西的地带性土壤，广泛分布于丘陵山区，占全省土地总面积的64.78％。多途径、多层次加快对低山丘陵区红壤资源的综合开发利用，充分发挥红壤资源的生产潜力，是振兴江西省农业和农村经济，具有十分广阔前景的世纪工程。栀子(Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis)，又名黄栀子、山栀子、山枝子、小红栀，原产江西清江(今樟树)、新余、永丰、永新一带及湖南、福建、四川、浙江、湖北、广西部分地方，我省赣中区各县(市)均有栽培，属江西道地药材，尤其以樟树栀子为佳品。近年来，世界各国已把天然药物作为新药开发的研究对象，欧共体已对中草药立法和审批，美国FDA接受了中草药复方药物进行临床研究。在国际市场上，中草药新产品一年的销售总额超过150亿美元，且每年以10％的速度增长。栀子作为我国一项传统大宗药材，不管是对其药理研究，还是药用价值的开发利用，都已达到炉火纯青的地步。与此同时，科学家们还在栀子中提炼出了优良的天然色素--栀子黄、栀子蓝，栀子黄是目前发现的唯一水溶性胡萝卜素，它着色强，稳定性好，是重点发展的天然色素，国内国外需求十分强劲。因此，发展栀子产业不仅大有可为，而且是摆在我们面前一项十分紧迫的任务。 本文在充分调查赣中红壤丘陵地区土地生态特征和经济、社会、资源环境实际情况的基础上，根据区域经济理论、生态学理论、可持续发展理论的基本原理，经通过实地试验，结合资料调查，采用区位商与资金利率偏离度分析等方法，研究了适宜品种的筛选，栀子种植的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益，发现栀子是赣中红壤的优势种群，可以作为治理丘陵红壤土地的先锋植物。在此基础上，提出了赣中红壤区栀子产业可持续发展模式，并进行了优势潜力分析、障碍因素分析和可持续性评价，进而提出了发展战略和对策。本项研究坚持以人为本，人与自然和谐发展的思想方针，以经济发展为核心，以科技和体制创新为突破口，坚持不懈地全面推进经济社会与人口、资源和生态环境的一2一摘要协调发展。研究提出的赣中红壤区桅子产业可持续发展模式，应是建立在生态经济基础上优势产业发展模式，可为我国红壤丘陵的治理和农民脱贫致富开辟一条新途径。关键词:桅子产业;赣中红壤;生态经济;可持续发展
Our country is one of the most serious countries of soil erosion in the world at present. The red yellow earth area in the south is the serious loss area second to the Loess Plateau. For a long time ,because of people"s utilizing unreasonably and natural climatic factors, soil erosion has got even more worse. The high-speed development of rural economy has improved people"s living standard and life quality greatly ,but at the same time ,it has also paid high for ecology ,the environment and resource. For example, less product but high consume, the serious soil erosion ,the cultivated area reducing, more and more serious desertification ,and pollution, more often natural disasters, bio-diversity destroyed seriously, and so on. All this makes agriculture face the multiple crisis in the future . The 16th National Congress of Communist Party of China has put forward the magnificent blue print of building the well-to-do society in an all-round way. It is emphasized that the sustainable development must be put in very outstanding position and ecological construction must be strengthened and protected further. The provincial Party Committee of Jiangxi and the provincial government has put forward the economic development strategy emphasized that we not only get something from the mountains , but also need green water and green hills even more. They demand to make sure that economic development and ecological construction move ahead simultaneously , and that economic sustainable development will be realized . Red earth is the area soil in Jiangxi .It is extensively distributed in the areas of hills and takes 64.78% of the whole land area of the whole province. By every means, to accelerate utilizing the comprehensive development of red earth resources of the area in low mountains and hills at many levels and to give many play to the productive potentialities of the red earth resources are century projects with very wide prospect. They will revitalize agriculture and rural economy in Jiangxi Province .Gargenia Jasminoides Ellis has some other names : yellow cape jasmine, mountain cope jasmine and small red jasmine and so on . It is originated in some counties in Jiangxi like Qingjiang(Zhangshu now) ,xinyu , Yongfeng, yongxin, and some other provinces like Hunan, Fujian, Sichun,Zhejiang ,Hubei and guangxi.It is planted in all counties in the middle of Jiangxi province. It is genuine medicine in Jiangxi and Zhangshu"s jasmine is the best one. In recent years ,the countries all over the world had already begun to develop natural medicine as new medicine. European Community has already legislated and examined and approved the Chinese medicine made of two or more ingredients and has carried on clinical research on it. On the international markets ,the new products of Chinese medicine are over 15billion dollars of gross sales amount of one year. And it is increasing at the speed of 10% every year. Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis has already reached a high degree as an item of traditional medicine not only on its pharmacology research but also on the development and utilization of medicine value. Meanwhile, the scientists refined the fine natural pigment from the plant.-- yellow and blue. Yellow is the only water soluble carotene found at present. It colours strongly and the stability is good. It is the natural pigment developed especially. It isbadly demanded at home and abroad. Thus developing the industry not only has bright prospects ,but also puts a very urgent task in front of us.After fully investigating the economy ,the society, and the environmental actual conditions of resources around the red earth hills, we found that Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis is the advantage population of the red area in Jiangxi Province. It is accorded with regional economic theory, ecology theory and sustainable development theory. It has been tested on the spot and consulted materials. We have studied the screening suitable for the variety, and also have studied the ecological ,economic and social benefits if it is planted. We have analysed the position
|
